English B2 Words

The B2-level English vocabulary included in this study was prepared using artificial intelligence and the B2 CEFR Vocabulary Word List — ESL Lounge as sources. You can access the B2-level words through the link provided here.

B2— A Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
abandon	leave behind completely	desert, quit, leave	They had to abandon the ship during the storm.
absent	not present	missing, away	She was absent from class yesterday.
absolute	complete, total	complete, total, perfect	He has absolute trust in his friend.
absorb	take in or soak up	soak up, take in	Plants absorb sunlight for energy.
abstract	based on ideas, not physical	theoretical, conceptual	Justice is an abstract idea.
academic	related to education	scholarly, educational	She has strong academic skills.
accent	style of pronunciation	intonation, dialect	His British accent is noticeable.
acceptable	satisfactory or allowed	suitable, satisfactory	Your work is acceptable.
accidentally	by mistake	unintentionally, mistakenly	I accidentally broke the glass.
accommodate	provide space for	fit, house, adapt	This hotel can accommodate 300 guests.
accompany	go with	escort, join	She accompanied me to the store.
accomplish	achieve successfully	complete, achieve	He accomplished his mission.
account for	explain or make up	explain, justify	Hard work accounts for her success.
accountant	person managing finances	auditor, bookkeeper	My uncle is an accountant.
accuracy	correctness	precision, exactness	Accuracy is essential in science.
accurate	correct and exact	precise, exact	The information is accurate.
accurately	correctly	precisely, correctly	Please measure the room accurately.
accuse	say someone is guilty	blame, charge	They accused him of theft.
acknowledge	accept or recognize	admit, recognize	She acknowledged her mistake.
acquire	gain or obtain	get, obtain	He acquired new skills.
acre	unit of land area	plot, field	They bought 10 acres of land.
activate	make active	start, trigger	Press the button to activate the machine.
actual	real, true	real, genuine	The actual cost was higher.
adapt	adjust to conditions	adjust, modify	Animals adapt to their environment.
addiction	strong dependence	dependence, obsession	Phone addiction is common today.
additional	extra, added	extra, more	We need additional information.
additionally	in addition	moreover, furthermore	Additionally, we should check the data.
address	deal with or location details	handle, tackle	We need to address this issue.
adequate	enough or satisfactory	sufficient, enough	His salary is adequate.
adequately	sufficiently	properly, enough	She performed adequately.
adjust	change slightly	adapt, modify	Adjust your chair height.
administration	management of organization	management, control	School administration approved the plan.
adopt	take up or accept	accept, embrace	They adopted a child.
advance	progress or move forward	progress, improve	Technology is advancing rapidly.
affair	event or relationship	matter, issue	It was a family affair.
affordable	not too expensive	cheap, economical	The apartment is affordable.
afterwards	later	later, subsequently	We went home afterwards.
agency	organization providing service	office, bureau	She works for a travel agency.
agenda	list of plans/topics	schedule, plan	What is today’s meeting agenda?
aggressive	forceful, hostile	hostile, assertive	The dog became aggressive.
agriculture	farming activity	farming, cultivation	Agriculture is vital to the economy.
aid	help or assistance	help, support	Medical aid arrived quickly.
AIDS	immune system disease	illness, syndrome	AIDS is caused by HIV.
aircraft	flying vehicle	airplane, jet	The aircraft landed safely.
alarm	warn or frighten	alert, frighten	The news alarmed everyone.
alien	foreign being or unfamiliar	foreigner, outsider	Movies often show aliens from space.
alongside	next to	beside, next to	She sat alongside me.
alter	change	modify, adjust	We altered the design.
altogether	completely / in total	entirely, totally	It was altogether different.
ambulance	emergency vehicle	rescue vehicle	The ambulance arrived fast.
amusing	funny or entertaining	funny, entertaining	The film was amusing.
analyse	examine carefully	study, inspect	Scientists analyse data.
analysis	detailed examination	examination, study	The analysis showed clear results.
analyst	person analyzing data	examiner, researcher	She is a financial analyst.
ancestor	family member from past	forefather, predecessor	My ancestors came from Asia.
angel	spiritual being	spirit, guardian	The child looked like an angel.
anger	strong displeasure	rage, fury	He couldn’t hide his anger.
angle	space between lines	corner, degree	Measure the angle carefully.
animation	moving drawings	cartoon, motion graphics	Kids enjoy animation movies.
anniversary	yearly celebration	commemoration	Today is their wedding anniversary.
annual	yearly	yearly, yearly-occurring	The company holds an annual meeting.
annually	every year	yearly	Taxes are paid annually.
anticipate	expect in advance	expect, predict	We anticipate heavy rain.
anxiety	nervous worry	stress, concern	Exams cause anxiety.
anxious	worried or eager	nervous, uneasy	She felt anxious before surgery.
apology	expression of regret	excuse, regret	He offered an apology.
apparent	clear or obvious	obvious, evident	Her disappointment was apparent.
apparently	according to appearances	seemingly, evidently	Apparently, he left early.
appeal	request or attraction	request, attraction	The idea has broad appeal.
applicant	person applying	candidate	We interviewed five applicants.
approach	method or move closer	method, strategy	We need a new approach.
appropriate	suitable	suitable, proper	Wear appropriate clothing.
appropriately	suitably	properly, suitably	He behaved appropriately.
approval	agreement or permission	consent, acceptance	The project got approval.
approve	officially agree	accept, authorize	They approved the budget.
arise	appear or happen	emerge, occur	Problems may arise later.
armed	carrying weapons	equipped, weaponized	The guards were armed.
arms	weapons or body parts	weapons, limbs	The country sold arms abroad.
arrow	pointed weapon/object	dart, pointer	The arrow hit the target.
artificial	man-made, not natural	synthetic, fake	These flowers are artificial.
artistic	related to art	creative, imaginative	She has artistic talent.
artwork	piece of art	creation, masterpiece	The museum displayed artwork.
ashamed	feeling guilt or embarrassment	embarrassed, guilty	He felt ashamed of lying.
aspect	part or feature	element, feature	Cost is one aspect to consider.
assess	evaluate	judge, estimate	Teachers assess student progress.
assessment	evaluation	appraisal, evaluation	The assessment was positive.
asset	valuable thing	resource, possession	Experience is an asset.
assign	give task to	allocate, appoint	The teacher assigned homework.
assistance	help or support	help, aid	Thank you for your assistance.
associate	connect or link	connect, relate	People associate summer with holidays.
associated	connected	linked, related	Risks are associated with smoking.
association	connection or group	link, organization	They formed an association.
assume	suppose or take on	suppose, presume	I assume you are ready.
assumption	belief without proof	supposition, belief	That assumption was wrong.
assure	make certain or comfort	guarantee, reassure	I assure you everything is fine.
astonishing	very surprising	amazing, remarkable	The view was astonishing.
athletic	physically strong/active	sporty, fit	He has an athletic body.
attachment	added file or emotional bond	enclosure, bond	Check the email attachment.
attempt	try or effort	try, effort	She attempted to solve it.
audio	related to sound	sound, acoustic	The audio quality is clear.
awareness	knowledge or understanding	consciousness, understanding	Environmental awareness is growing.
awkward	uncomfortable or clumsy	embarrassing, clumsy	It was an awkward silence.

B2— B Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
bacteria	tiny living organisms, some causing disease	microbes, germs	Bacteria can grow quickly in warm places.
badge	small sign or symbol showing identity/rank	emblem, symbol	Police officers wear a badge.
balanced	in equal or correct proportions	stable, even	A balanced diet is important for health.
ballet	a style of dance	dance performance	She has studied ballet since childhood.
balloon	inflatable rubber object filled with air/gas	airbag, inflatable	The child released a red balloon.
barely	only just; almost not	hardly, scarcely	I could barely hear her voice.
bargain	something bought cheaply; an agreement	deal, agreement	This jacket was a real bargain.
barrier	something that blocks movement or progress	obstacle, blockage	Language can be a barrier to communication.
based on	using something as a foundation	founded on, derived from	The movie is based on a true story.
basement	lowest floor of a building	cellar, lower level	We store old furniture in the basement.
basically	in a simple or main way	essentially, fundamentally	Basically, the idea is quite simple.
basis	foundation or main principle	foundation, base	Trust is the basis of friendship.
basket	container made for carrying things	container, hamper	She put fruit in the basket.
bat	flying mammal / sports stick	club, mammal	A bat flew out of the cave.
bear	tolerate or deal with	endure, tolerate	I can’t bear this noise anymore.
beg	ask strongly for something	plead, request	The child begged for a toy.
being	existence or a living creature	creature, existence	Human beings need water to survive.
beneficial	helpful or useful	useful, advantageous	Exercise is beneficial to health.
bent	not straight; curved	curved, twisted	The metal rod was bent.
beside	next to	next to, by	She sat beside her friend.
besides	in addition to / apart from	moreover, apart from	Besides English, he speaks Spanish.
bet	risk money or predict	wager, gamble	I bet it will rain tomorrow.
beyond	farther than; outside limits	past, outside	The village lies beyond the hills.
bias	unfair preference	prejudice, favoritism	Good research avoids bias.
bid	offer a price or attempt	offer, propose	He bid $500 for the painting.
biological	related to living things	organic, life-related	We studied biological processes.
bitter	having sharp taste or feeling anger	sour, resentful	The coffee tasted bitter.
blame	responsibility for fault	fault, accuse	Don’t blame others for your mistakes.
blanket	thick cover for warmth	cover, quilt	She wrapped herself in a blanket.
blind	unable to see	sightless, visually impaired	The man is blind in one eye.
bold	brave or strong in style	brave, daring	She made a bold decision.
bombing	attack using bombs	explosion attack	The bombing damaged several buildings.
bond	connection or agreement	link, tie	There is a strong bond between them.
boost	increase or improve	raise, improve	Exercise can boost your energy.
bound	certain or tied	destined, tied	She is bound to succeed.
breast	front part of chest	chest	The baby rested on its mother’s breast.
brick	hard building block	block, stone	The house is made of brick.
brief	short in time or length	short, concise	We had a brief conversation.
briefly	for a short time	shortly, concisely	He spoke briefly about the project.
broad	wide in extent	wide, extensive	The road is broad and clean.
broadcast	send out information by TV/radio	transmit, air	The interview was broadcast live.
broadcaster	person/company transmitting programs	presenter, network	She works as a sports broadcaster.
broadly	generally or widely	generally, widely	Broadly speaking, the results were positive.
buck	dollar / male deer	dollar, stag	It only costs five bucks.
budget	financial plan	spending plan, allowance	We need to stay within budget.
bug	small insect / technical error	insect, glitch	There is a bug in the software.
bullet	metal projectile from gun	projectile, shot	The bullet hit the wall.
bunch	group of things together	cluster, group	He bought a bunch of flowers.
bush	low plant with branches	shrub, hedge	A cat was hiding behind the bush.
but	except for	except, apart from	Everyone but John came to the party.

B2—C Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
cabin	small wooden house or room	hut, lodge	They spent the weekend in a mountain cabin.
cable	thick wire or rope	wire, cord	The cable connects the computer to the monitor.
calculate	work out mathematically	compute, estimate	Can you calculate the total cost?
canal	man-made waterway	channel, waterway	Boats travel through the canal.
cancel	stop or call off	call off, withdraw	They cancelled the meeting.
cancer	serious disease with abnormal cell growth	illness, tumor	Scientists are researching cancer treatments.
candle	wax stick with a wick	taper, light	She lit a candle in the dark room.
capable	able to do something	competent, skilled	He is capable of solving the problem.
capacity	maximum amount something can hold	volume, ability	The stadium has a capacity of 50,000.
capture	catch or record	seize, trap	The photographer captured the sunset beautifully.
carbon	chemical element found in all living things	element	Carbon is essential for life.
cast	actors in a play/film; throw	throw, actors	The cast performed excellently.
casual	relaxed or informal	informal, relaxed	He wore casual clothes to dinner.
catastrophe	sudden disaster	disaster, tragedy	The earthquake was a catastrophe.
cave	natural underground chamber	cavern, grotto	Bats were living inside the cave.
cell	smallest unit of life / small room	unit, chamber	The human body contains billions of cells.
certainty	complete confidence	assurance, confidence	There is no certainty about the result.
certificate	official document	diploma, document	She received a certificate after the course.
chairman	head of a meeting or board	leader, president	The chairman opened the conference.
challenging	difficult but interesting	demanding, tough	This puzzle is very challenging.
championship	competition for title	tournament, contest	They won the national championship.
characteristic	typical quality or feature	trait, feature	Honesty is a good characteristic.
charming	pleasant and attractive	delightful, lovely	The village is small but charming.
chase	run after	pursue, follow	The dog chased the ball.
cheek	side of the face below the eye	face, jawline	The child kissed her on the cheek.
cheer	shout encouragement or make happy	encourage, support	Fans cheered loudly.
chief	most important; leader	main, leader	She is the chief engineer.
chop	cut into pieces	slice, cut	He chopped vegetables for dinner.
circuit	closed path or route	loop, network	The electrical circuit is broken.
circumstance	condition or situation	condition, situation	Under these circumstances, we should wait.
cite	quote as evidence	mention, quote	Please cite your sources.
citizen	legal member of a country	resident, national	Every citizen has rights.
civil	related to ordinary people/society	public, civic	They discussed civil rights.
civilization	advanced human society	culture, society	Ancient Egyptian civilization was powerful.
clarify	make clear	explain, simplify	Could you clarify your point?
classic	traditional and excellent	timeless, traditional	This is a classic novel.
classify	arrange into groups	categorize, group	Scientists classify animals carefully.
clause	section of sentence or contract	phrase, provision	The contract includes a special clause.
cliff	steep rock face	rock face, precipice	They stood at the edge of the cliff.
clinic	small medical center	medical center, practice	She visited the clinic for a checkup.
clip	fastener or short extract	fastener, attach	Use a clip to hold papers together.
closely	carefully or near	carefully, intimately	Watch the process closely.
coincidence	accidental similarity/event	chance, accident	Meeting her there was a coincidence.
collapse	fall down suddenly	fall, crumble	The bridge collapsed after the storm.
collector	person who gathers things	gatherer, enthusiast	He is a stamp collector.
colony	territory settled by another country/group	settlement	Ants live in a colony.
colourful	full of bright colors	vivid, bright	She wore a colourful dress.
combination	mixture of things	mix, blend	This dish is a tasty combination of flavors.
comfort	state of ease	ease, relaxation	Soft chairs provide comfort.
comic	funny; comic book	humorous, funny	It was a comic performance.
command	order; control	order, authority	The officer gave a command.
commander	person in charge	leader, officer	The commander led the troops.
commission	group/task fee	committee, fee	The artist worked on commission.
commitment	dedication or promise	dedication, obligation	Marriage requires commitment.
committee	group chosen for a task	board, panel	The committee approved the proposal.
commonly	usually or often	usually, frequently	This word is commonly used.
comparative	involving comparison	relative, contrasting	We did a comparative study.
completion	act of finishing	finishing, conclusion	Project completion took months.
complicated	difficult and complex	complex, difficult	The instructions are complicated.
component	one part of something	element, part	The engine has many components.
compose	create or form	create, write	She composed a beautiful song.
composer	person who writes music	musician, songwriter	Mozart was a famous composer.
compound	substance made of elements	mixture, substance	Water is a chemical compound.
comprehensive	complete and detailed	thorough, complete	The guide is comprehensive.
compulsory	required by rule	mandatory, required	Attendance is compulsory.
concentration	focused attention	focus, attention	Good concentration improves learning.
concept	general idea	idea, notion	Freedom is an important concept.
concern	worry or relate to	worry, matter	Safety is my main concern.
concerned	worried or involved	worried, troubled	She is concerned about the exam.
conclusion	final decision or ending	ending, result	We reached a conclusion quickly.
concrete	real; building material	solid, actual	We need concrete evidence.
conduct	carry out or behave	perform, manage	Scientists conducted an experiment.
confess	admit guilt or truth	admit, reveal	He confessed his mistake.
confidence	belief in oneself	self-belief, trust	She spoke with confidence.
conflict	disagreement or fight	clash, dispute	The countries were in conflict.
confusing	difficult to understand	unclear, puzzling	The map is confusing.
confusion	uncertainty or disorder	disorder, uncertainty	The announcement caused confusion.
conscious	awake and aware	aware, alert	He remained conscious after the accident.
consequence	result or effect	result, outcome	Smoking has serious consequences.
consequently	as a result	therefore, thus	He was late; consequently, he missed the bus.
conservation	protection of nature/resources	preservation, protection	Wildlife conservation is essential.
conservative	traditional or resistant to change	traditional, cautious	She has conservative views.
considerable	large or important	significant, substantial	They made considerable progress.
considerably	greatly	significantly, greatly	Prices increased considerably.
consideration	careful thought	thought, attention	Thank you for your consideration.
consist of	be made up of	include, comprise	Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.
consistent	always the same or reliable	steady, reliable	Her work is consistent.
consistently	in a regular way	steadily, regularly	He consistently performs well.
conspiracy	secret harmful plan	plot, scheme	They believed in a conspiracy theory.
constant	continuous or fixed	continuous, steady	The machine makes a constant noise.
constantly	continuously	continually, repeatedly	She constantly checks her phone.
construct	build	build, create	Workers constructed a bridge.
construction	building process	building, development	Road construction caused delays.
consult	seek advice	ask, refer to	You should consult a doctor.
consultant	expert adviser	adviser, specialist	The company hired a consultant.
consumer	buyer of goods/services	customer, buyer	Consumers want lower prices.
consumption	use of resources	use, intake	Water consumption is increasing.
contemporary	modern/current	modern, current	Contemporary art can be unusual.
contest	competition	competition, challenge	She entered a singing contest.
context	surrounding situation	setting, background	Meaning depends on context.
contract	legal agreement	agreement, deal	They signed a contract.
contribute	give or help cause	donate, add	Everyone contributed ideas.
contribution	something given	donation, input	His contribution was valuable.
controversial	causing disagreement	debatable, disputed	It is a controversial topic.
controversy	public disagreement	dispute, debate	The law created controversy.
convenience	ease and usefulness	ease, comfort	Online shopping offers convenience.
convention	common practice or meeting	tradition, conference	They attended a business convention.
conventional	traditional or usual	traditional, standard	He prefers conventional methods.
convert	change form or type	transform, change	We converted the room into an office.
convey	communicate or transport	express, deliver	Her smile conveyed happiness.
convinced	certain or persuaded	persuaded, sure	I am convinced he is honest.
convincing	believable and persuasive	persuasive, credible	She gave a convincing argument.
cope	manage difficulties	manage, handle	She learned to cope with stress.
core	central part or essential	center, essence	Trust is the core of friendship.
corporate	related to companies	business, company-related	He works in corporate law.
corporation	large business company	company, enterprise	The corporation expanded globally.
corridor	passage in building	hallway, passage	Wait in the corridor.
council	governing group	committee, board	The city council met yesterday.
counter	flat work surface	surface, table	Put the dishes on the counter.
county	administrative area	district, region	They live in a rural county.
courage	bravery	bravery, boldness	It takes courage to speak out.
coverage	reporting or extent	reporting, extent	Media coverage was extensive.
cowboy	cattle worker/rider	rancher, rider	The cowboy rode across the field.
crack	break slightly	split, fracture	The glass cracked suddenly.
crash	collision or sudden failure	collision, accident	The computer crashed again.
creation	act of making	production, invention	The painting is his latest creation.
creativity	ability to create ideas	imagination, originality	Creativity is important in design.
creature	living being, often animal	being, animal	A strange creature appeared.
crew	team working together	staff, team	The flight crew was friendly.
crisis	dangerous difficult situation	emergency, disaster	The country faced an economic crisis.
critic	person who judges work	reviewer, commentator	The critic praised the film.
critical	very important / disapproving	crucial, serious	This is a critical moment.
critically	seriously or analytically	seriously, carefully	Think critically about the issue.
criticism	negative judgment	disapproval, critique	Her work received criticism.
criticise	express disapproval	judge, complain about	They criticised the decision.
crop	plant grown for food	harvest, produce	Wheat is an important crop.
crucial	extremely important	essential, vital	Communication is crucial for success.
cruise	journey by ship	voyage, trip	They went on a luxury cruise.
cue	signal to act	signal, prompt	That was my cue to leave.
cure	treatment or heal	remedy, heal	Doctors are seeking a cure.
curious	eager to know	inquisitive, interested	Children are naturally curious.
curriculum	subjects taught in school	syllabus, program	The curriculum includes science.
curve	bent line or bend	bend, arc	The road curves sharply.
curved	having a rounded shape	bent, rounded	The bridge has a curved design.

B2— D Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
dairy	milk products / related to milk	milk-based, farm	Cheese is a dairy product.
dare	have courage to do something	challenge, risk	I dare you to try it.
darkness	absence of light	gloom, blackness	The room was filled with darkness.
data	information, facts	information, figures	Scientists collected useful data.
database	organized collection of data	data system, archive	Customer details are stored in a database.
deadline	final time limit	due date, cutoff	The project deadline is tomorrow.
deadly	causing death	fatal, lethal	The snake is deadly.
dealer	person who buys/sells goods	seller, trader	He is a car dealer.
debate	discussion with opposing views	discussion, argument	They had a debate about politics.
debt	money owed	liability, loan	He paid off all his debt.
decent	acceptable or respectable	respectable, satisfactory	She earns a decent salary.
deck	flat surface on ship/house	platform, terrace	We sat on the deck of the boat.
declare	announce officially	announce, state	The government declared an emergency.
decline	decrease or refuse	fall, refuse	Sales declined last month.
decoration	ornament or design	ornament, adornment	Christmas decorations look beautiful.
decrease	become or make smaller	reduce, lessen	Prices decreased recently.
deeply	strongly or intensely	greatly, profoundly	She was deeply moved.
defeat	win against / loss	beat, overcome	Our team defeated the champions.
defence	protection from attack	protection, security	The army strengthened its defence.
defend	protect from harm or criticism	protect, guard	He defended his ideas.
defender	person who protects	protector, guardian	The football defender blocked the shot.
define	explain meaning clearly	explain, describe	Can you define this term?
definition	meaning of a word/concept	meaning, explanation	Look up the definition.
delay	make late or lateness	postpone, hold up	Traffic delayed us.
delete	remove something	erase, remove	Please delete this file.
deliberate	intentional, careful	intentional, planned	It was a deliberate choice.
deliberately	intentionally	purposely, intentionally	He deliberately ignored me.
delight	great pleasure	joy, happiness	The gift gave her delight.
delighted	very pleased	happy, thrilled	I’m delighted to meet you.
delivery	bringing goods/messages	shipment, distribution	Your package is out for delivery.
demand	strong request or need	request, require	There is high demand for tickets.
democracy	government by the people	self-government	Democracy allows voting rights.
democratic	relating to democracy	representative, fair	The country has democratic values.
demonstrate	show clearly	display, illustrate	The teacher demonstrated the experiment.
demonstration	public display or protest	protest, display	Students held a demonstration.
deny	refuse to admit	reject, refuse	He denied the accusation.
depart	leave a place	leave, go away	The train departs at 8 p.m.
dependent	relying on something/someone	reliant, dependent on	Babies are dependent on adults.
deposit	money placed in bank / put down	payment, installment	She deposited cash into her account.
depressed	feeling very sad	unhappy, miserable	He felt depressed after the loss.
depressing	making you feel sad	gloomy, discouraging	Rainy weather can be depressing.
depression	deep sadness/economic decline	sadness, slump	Economic depression affects jobs.
depth	distance from top to bottom	deepness, extent	The lake’s depth is unknown.
derive	obtain from source	get, originate	Many words derive from Latin.
deserve	be worthy of	merit, earn	You deserve a break.
desire	strong wish	wish, longing	She has a desire to travel.
desperate	having no hope or urgent need	hopeless, urgent	They were desperate for help.
desperately	urgently or hopelessly	urgently, seriously	He desperately needed money.
destruction	act of destroying	ruin, devastation	The storm caused destruction.
detailed	with many specifics	thorough, complete	She gave a detailed explanation.
detect	discover or notice	identify, notice	The machine detects smoke.
determine	decide or discover	decide, establish	We must determine the cause.
determination	firmness of purpose	resolve, persistence	Success requires determination.
devil	evil supernatural being	demon, satan	The story mentions a devil.
devote	give time/effort to	dedicate, commit	She devoted her life to science.
differ	be unlike	vary, contrast	My opinion differs from yours.
dig	break ground with tool	excavate, shovel	The dog dug a hole.
dime	ten-cent coin	coin	I don’t have a dime.
disability	physical or mental limitation	impairment, condition	The building has access for people with disabilities.
disabled	having a disability	impaired	Disabled parking is reserved.
disagreement	difference of opinion	argument, conflict	We had a disagreement about money.
disappoint	fail to satisfy	let down, upset	Don’t disappoint your parents.
disappointment	sadness from unmet expectations	frustration, letdown	The result was a disappointment.
disc	flat circular object	disk, plate	Insert the disc into the player.
discipline	training or self-control	control, order	Discipline is necessary for success.
discourage	make less confident	dissuade, deter	Bad grades discouraged him.
dishonest	not truthful	deceitful, untruthful	A dishonest person cannot be trusted.
dismiss	send away or reject	reject, remove	The manager dismissed the complaint.
disorder	lack of order / illness	chaos, condition	The room was in disorder.
display	show publicly	exhibit, show	The museum displayed rare coins.
distant	far away	remote, far	The mountains looked distant.
distinct	clearly different	separate, clear	Their writing styles are distinct.
distinguish	recognize differences	differentiate, identify	Can you distinguish fact from opinion?
distract	take attention away	divert, disturb	Noise distracts me while studying.
distribute	give out or spread	hand out, spread	They distributed food to families.
distribution	act of giving/spreading	delivery, allocation	Product distribution takes time.
district	area of a city/region	area, zone	She lives in the business district.
disturb	interrupt or bother	interrupt, annoy	Sorry to disturb you.
dive	jump into water	plunge, jump	He dived into the pool.
diverse	varied and different	varied, mixed	The city has a diverse population.
diversity	variety of differences	variety, range	Cultural diversity enriches society.
division	separation or section	separation, department	The company opened a new division.
divorce	legal ending of marriage	separation	They got a divorce last year.
document	written record	file, record	Please sign the document.
domestic	related to home/country	household, local	Domestic flights are cheaper.
dominant	most powerful or important	leading, controlling	Lions are dominant predators.
dominate	control or be strongest	control, rule	One company dominates the market.
donation	gift given to charity	contribution, gift	She made a donation to the hospital.
dot	small round mark	point, spot	Put a dot at the end.
downwards	toward a lower place	downward, below	Prices moved downwards.
dozen	group of twelve	twelve	I bought a dozen eggs.
draft	rough version / military selection	outline, sketch	Write a first draft.
drag	pull with effort	pull, haul	He dragged the box upstairs.
dramatic	sudden and noticeable	striking, impressive	There was a dramatic change.
dramatically	greatly or suddenly	sharply, significantly	Sales rose dramatically.
drought	long period without rain	dry spell	The drought damaged crops.
dull	boring or not sharp	boring, blunt	The lecture was dull.
dump	throw away carelessly	discard, unload	Don’t dump trash here.
duration	length of time	period, span	The movie’s duration is two hours.
dynamic	energetic or constantly changing	active, energetic	She has a dynamic personality.

B2— E Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
eager	very interested or excited	keen, enthusiastic	She is eager to start university.
economics	study of money and markets	finance, economy studies	He studies economics at college.
economist	expert in economics	financial analyst, scholar	The economist predicted inflation.
edit	revise or correct text/media	revise, modify	Please edit your essay before submitting it.
edition	version of a publication	version, issue	I bought the latest edition of the book.
editorial	newspaper opinion article / relating to editing	opinion piece	I read an editorial about education reform.
efficient	working well with little waste	effective, productive	Solar panels are energy-efficient.
efficiently	in an effective way	effectively, productively	She completed the task efficiently.
elbow	middle joint of the arm	joint	He hurt his elbow while playing tennis.
elderly	old or aging	aged, senior	The elderly man needed assistance.
elect	choose by voting	vote for, select	Citizens elect a president every five years.
element	basic part or substance	component, factor	Oxygen is an important element.
electronics	devices using electricity	gadgets, technology	Electronics prices dropped this year.
elegant	stylish and graceful	stylish, refined	She wore an elegant black dress.
elementary	basic or introductory	basic, simple	These are elementary math concepts.
eliminate	remove completely	remove, erase	We must eliminate unnecessary costs.
elsewhere	in another place	somewhere else	She decided to live elsewhere.
embrace	hug or accept willingly	hug, accept	They embraced after many years apart.
emerge	come out or appear	appear, arise	New problems may emerge later.
emission	release of gas/light/heat	discharge, release	Car emissions harm the environment.
emotional	relating to strong feelings	sensitive, expressive	It was an emotional speech.
emotionally	in an emotional way	sentimentally	He was emotionally exhausted.
emphasis	special importance	stress, importance	The teacher placed emphasis on grammar.
emphasise	give importance to	stress, highlight	She emphasised teamwork.
empire	group of nations ruled by one power	kingdom, realm	The Roman Empire was vast.
enable	make possible	allow, permit	Technology enables faster communication.
encounter	meet unexpectedly	face, come across	We encountered heavy traffic.
engage	involve or attract	involve, participate	The teacher engaged students in discussion.
enhance	improve quality or value	improve, boost	Exercise enhances mental health.
enjoyable	pleasant and fun	pleasant, entertaining	The trip was very enjoyable.
enquiry	request for information	question, inquiry	I sent an enquiry about the course.
ensure	make certain	guarantee, secure	Please ensure the door is locked.
entertaining	amusing and enjoyable	amusing, fun	The show was highly entertaining.
enthusiasm	strong excitement	excitement, passion	Her enthusiasm inspired everyone.
enthusiastic	showing excitement	eager, passionate	He is enthusiastic about football.
entire	whole or complete	whole, complete	I spent the entire day reading.
entirely	completely	totally, fully	I entirely agree with you.
entrepreneur	person who starts businesses	business founder	The entrepreneur launched a startup.
envelope	paper cover for letters	wrapper, packet	Put the letter in an envelope.
equip	provide with tools or skills	supply, prepare	The course equips students for work.
equivalent	equal in value or meaning	equal, corresponding	One euro is not equivalent to one dollar.
era	long period of history	age, period	We live in the digital era.
erupt	explode or burst out	explode, burst	The volcano erupted suddenly.
essentially	basically or fundamentally	basically, fundamentally	Essentially, the two ideas are the same.
establish	create or set up	found, create	They established a new company.
estate	property or area of land	property, land	He owns a large estate.
estimate	rough calculation or guess	calculate, approximate	Can you estimate the cost?
ethic	moral principle	principle, value	Honesty is an important ethic.
ethical	morally right	moral, principled	Doctors follow ethical guidelines.
ethnic	relating to a cultural group	cultural, racial	The city has diverse ethnic communities.
evaluate	judge or assess	assess, judge	Teachers evaluate student progress.
evaluation	judgment or assessment	assessment, review	The report includes an evaluation.
even	equally; flat/smooth	equal, level	Divide the cake into even pieces.
evidence	proof or facts	proof, testimony	The police found evidence.
evident	clear to see	obvious, apparent	Her disappointment was evident.
evil	morally bad or harmful	wicked, harmful	The villain was truly evil.
evolution	gradual development/change	development, growth	Human evolution took millions of years.
evolve	develop gradually	develop, progress	Language continues to evolve.
examination	formal test or inspection	test, exam	My final examination is next week.
exceed	go beyond a limit	surpass, go over	Costs exceeded expectations.
exception	something excluded from rule	exclusion, anomaly	There is one exception to the rule.
excessive	too much	extreme, too great	Excessive sugar is unhealthy.
exclude	leave out	omit, leave out	Vegetarians exclude meat.
excuse	explanation or forgive	reason, pardon	That is a poor excuse.
executive	manager / relating to management	manager, administrator	She is a senior executive.
existence	state of being real	presence, reality	Scientists debate alien existence.
exotic	unusual and foreign	unusual, rare	They ate exotic fruits.
expansion	growth or increase in size	growth, enlargement	The business plans expansion.
expectation	belief about future result	hope, anticipation	Expectations were very high.
expense	cost or money spent	cost, expenditure	Travel expenses were covered.
expertise	special skill or knowledge	skill, mastery	She has expertise in law.
exploit	use unfairly or fully utilize	misuse, take advantage of	Companies should not exploit workers.
exploration	act of discovering	investigation, discovery	Space exploration fascinates many people.
expose	reveal or leave unprotected	reveal, uncover	The article exposed corruption.
exposure	state of being revealed or affected	contact, publicity	Sun exposure can damage skin.
extend	make longer or larger	lengthen, enlarge	They extended the deadline.
extension	added part or extra time	addition, prolongation	I requested a deadline extension.
extensive	large in amount or range	broad, wide-ranging	The damage was extensive.
extensively	widely or in great detail	broadly, thoroughly	The topic was discussed extensively.
extent	degree or size	degree, scope	The full extent of damage is unknown.
external	outside or outer	outer, outside	The company faced external pressure.
extract	remove or take out	remove, pull out	Oil is extracted from the ground.
extraordinary	very unusual or remarkable	amazing, exceptional	She showed extraordinary talent.

B2— F Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
fabric	cloth or material	textile, material	This shirt is made of soft fabric.
fabulous	extremely good or impressive	wonderful, amazing	She looked fabulous at the party.
facility	place or equipment for a purpose	center, resource	The sports facility is modern.
factor	element influencing result	element, cause	Cost is an important factor.
faculty	teaching staff or natural ability	department, ability	She works in the science faculty.
failed	unsuccessful	unsuccessful, unsuccessful attempt	The failed project lost money.
failure	lack of success	defeat, collapse	Fear of failure stops many people.
faith	trust or religious belief	belief, trust	She has faith in her team.
fake	not real; imitation	false, counterfeit	He bought a fake watch.
fame	state of being well-known	popularity, celebrity	The actor achieved worldwide fame.
fantasy	imagined situation or genre	imagination, dream	Dragons often appear in fantasy novels.
fare	price of travel	ticket price, cost	The bus fare increased this year.
fault	mistake or responsibility for error	error, blame	The accident was my fault.
favour	support or kind act	support, preference	Could you do me a favour?
feather	bird covering	plume	The bird lost a feather.
fee	payment for service	charge, cost	The course fee is expensive.
feedback	comments for improvement	response, evaluation	Teachers give helpful feedback.
fellow	sharing a quality or status	companion, colleague	She introduced her fellow students.
finance	money management or funding	funding, economics	He works in finance.
finding	discovery or result	result, discovery	The study’s findings were surprising.
firefighter	person who fights fires	fireman, rescuer	The firefighter saved the family.
firework	explosive for display	pyrotechnic	Fireworks lit up the sky.
firm	company / solid	company, solid	She joined a law firm.
firmly	strongly or securely	strongly, securely	Hold the ladder firmly.
flame	burning gas or fire	blaze, fire	The candle flame flickered.
flash	shine suddenly or move quickly	blink, burst	Lightning flashed across the sky.
flavour	taste of food	taste, savor	Vanilla is my favorite flavour.
flexible	able to bend or adapt	adaptable, bendable	My work schedule is flexible.
float	stay on liquid or in air	drift, hover	Leaves floated on the water.
folding	able to be folded	collapsible	We bought folding chairs.
fond	having affection or liking	loving, affectionate	She is fond of animals.
fool	silly person / trick someone	idiot, trick	Don’t let them fool you.
forbid	not allow	ban, prohibit	Smoking is forbidden here.
forecast	prediction of future	prediction, outlook	The weather forecast predicts rain.
forgive	stop being angry about offense	pardon, excuse	Please forgive my mistake.
format	arrangement or style	layout, structure	Use the correct essay format.
formation	arrangement or creation	structure, creation	Birds flew in formation.
former	previous	previous, earlier	My former teacher moved away.
formerly	previously	previously, once	This building was formerly a bank.
fortunate	lucky	lucky, blessed	We were fortunate to survive.
fortune	wealth or luck	wealth, fate	He made a fortune in business.
forum	meeting place for discussion	platform, conference	Students discussed ideas in an online forum.
found	establish or create	establish, start	They founded a charity.
foundation	base or organization	basis, groundwork	Education is the foundation of success.
founder	person who starts organization	creator, originator	She is the founder of the company.
fraction	small part of whole	portion, segment	Only a fraction of people agreed.
fragment	small broken piece	piece, bit	Archaeologists found a pottery fragment.
framework	basic structure or system	structure, system	The law provides a legal framework.
fraud	dishonest deception	scam, cheating	The company was accused of fraud.
freedom	state of being free	liberty, independence	Everyone deserves freedom.
freely	without restriction	openly, willingly	People can speak freely here.
frequency	how often something happens	rate, occurrence	Frequency of exercise matters.
frequent	happening often	regular, common	He is a frequent visitor.
frustrated	feeling annoyed by failure	annoyed, upset	She felt frustrated with the slow internet.
fulfil	complete or satisfy	complete, achieve	He fulfilled his promise.
full-time	for whole working hours	permanent	She has a full-time job.
fully	completely	entirely, completely	I fully understand your concern.
fund	amount of money / provide money	finance, capital	The school needs more funding.
fundamental	basic and essential	essential, basic	Trust is fundamental in relationships.
fundamentally	basically or essentially	basically, essentially	The two systems are fundamentally different.
funding	money provided for project	financing, support	Research funding was reduced.
funeral	ceremony after death	burial service, memorial	They attended the funeral yesterday.
furious	extremely angry	angry, enraged	She was furious about the delay.
furthermore	in addition	moreover, additionally	Furthermore, we need better planning.

B2— G Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
gain	get or increase something	obtain, acquire	She gained valuable experience abroad.
gallon	unit of liquid measurement	measurement unit	The car uses one gallon of fuel daily.
gaming	playing video/computer games	video gaming, esports	Gaming has become a huge industry.
gang	organized group, often criminal	group, crew	Police arrested members of a gang.
gay	homosexual; cheerful (older meaning)	homosexual, lesbian (context-dependent)	He openly identifies as gay.
gender	social or biological identity as male/female/etc.	sex identity	Gender equality is an important issue.
gene	unit of heredity in biology	hereditary unit	Eye color is influenced by genes.
generate	produce or create	create, produce	Solar panels generate electricity.
genetic	relating to genes/heredity	hereditary, biological	Scientists study genetic disorders.
genius	person of exceptional intelligence/talent	prodigy, mastermind	Many consider him a musical genius.
genre	category of art/music/literature	type, category	Science fiction is my favorite genre.
genuine	real and sincere	authentic, real	Her smile was genuine.
genuinely	truly or sincerely	truly, sincerely	I genuinely appreciate your help.
gesture	movement expressing meaning or feeling	motion, signal	He made a friendly gesture.
globalization	increasing worldwide connection	internationalization, worldwide integration	Globalization affects local economies.
globe	earth or spherical object	world, sphere	We studied countries using a globe.
golden	made of gold or gold-colored; excellent	gold-colored, precious	They enjoyed a golden sunset.
goodness	kindness or positive quality	virtue, kindness	Thank goodness you arrived safely.
gorgeous	very beautiful	stunning, beautiful	The view from the mountain was gorgeous.
govern	control or rule officially	rule, manage	Laws help govern society.
grab	take quickly	seize, snatch	He grabbed his coat and left.
gradually	slowly over time	slowly, steadily	The weather gradually improved.
grand	impressive, large, important	magnificent, impressive	They stayed in a grand hotel.
grant	give officially / money award	award, allow	The university granted her a scholarship.
graphic	relating to visual art/images	visual, illustrated	The book contains graphic illustrations.
graphics	visual images/designs	visuals, images	The game has amazing graphics.
grave	place where dead body is buried	tomb, burial site	They placed flowers on the grave.
greatly	very much	significantly, considerably	Your support is greatly appreciated.
greenhouse	glass building for plants	glasshouse	Tomatoes are grown in a greenhouse.
guarantee	promise certainty	assure, promise	This product is guaranteed for two years.
guideline	general instruction or rule	instruction, recommendation	Follow the safety guidelines carefully.

B2— H Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
habitat	natural home of an animal or plant	environment, ecosystem	Polar bears live in a cold habitat.
handle	manage or touch with hands	manage, deal with	She handled the situation calmly.
harbour	sheltered area for ships	port, dock	Boats were anchored in the harbour.
harm	damage or injury	damage, injury	Smoking can harm your lungs.
harmful	causing damage or danger	damaging, dangerous	Too much sugar is harmful to health.
headquarters	main office or center	main office, base	The company’s headquarters are in London.
heal	become healthy again	recover, cure	The wound will heal soon.
healthcare	medical services and treatment	medical care, health services	Healthcare costs are rising.
hearing	ability to hear / legal session	listening, trial	Her hearing is excellent.
heaven	place believed to be home of God/the blessed	paradise	Many religions describe heaven differently.
heel	back part of foot	foot back	My shoe rubbed against my heel.
hell	place of punishment in some religions	underworld	The story describes hell vividly.
helmet	protective head covering	headgear	Always wear a helmet while cycling.
herb	plant used in cooking or medicine	plant, seasoning	Mint is a popular herb.
hesitate	pause before acting	pause, delay	Don’t hesitate to ask questions.
hidden	kept out of sight	concealed, secret	The treasure was hidden underground.
hilarious	extremely funny	very funny, amusing	The comedian was hilarious.
hip	side joint connecting leg to body	joint	She injured her hip while running.
historian	expert in history	history scholar	The historian wrote about ancient Rome.
hollow	empty inside	empty, sunken	The tree trunk was hollow.
holy	sacred or religiously important	sacred, blessed	Jerusalem is a holy city.
homeless	without a home	unhoused	The charity helps homeless families.
honesty	quality of being truthful	truthfulness, sincerity	Honesty is an important value.
honour	respect or high recognition	respect, dignity	It was an honour to meet her.
hook	curved object for hanging/catching	clasp, hanger	Hang your coat on the hook.
hopefully	with hope; it is hoped	optimistically	Hopefully, the weather improves tomorrow.
household	home or family group	family, domestic	Household expenses increased this month.
housing	homes and accommodation	accommodation, homes	Affordable housing is needed.
humorous	funny	amusing, funny	He made a humorous comment.
humour	quality of being funny	comedy, wit	She has a great sense of humour.
hunger	need or desire for food	starvation, appetite	Hunger is a global issue.
hunting	activity of chasing animals	شکار / pursuit, tracking	Hunting is restricted in this area.

B2— I Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
icon	symbol or famous person/thing	symbol, emblem	The app icon is easy to recognize.
ID	identification document or identity	identification, card	Please show your ID at the entrance.
ideal	perfect or most suitable	perfect, optimal	This hotel is ideal for families.
identical	exactly the same	same, matching	The twins wore identical clothes.
identity	who someone is	character, individuality	Social media can affect identity.
illusion	false idea or image	delusion, mirage	The magician created an illusion.
illustrate	explain with pictures/examples	explain, demonstrate	The teacher illustrated the concept well.
illustration	picture or example	image, drawing	The book has colorful illustrations.
imagination	ability to create ideas mentally	creativity, fantasy	Children have vivid imaginations.
immigration	moving into a country to live	migration, relocation	Immigration policies changed recently.
immune	protected from disease	resistant, protected	Some people are immune to the virus.
impatient	unable to wait calmly	restless, irritated	He became impatient in the queue.
implement	put into action	carry out, apply	The company implemented new rules.
implication	possible effect or meaning	consequence, suggestion	The decision has serious implications.
imply	suggest indirectly	hint, suggest	Her words implied criticism.
impose	force something on others	enforce, force	The government imposed new taxes.
impress	make someone admire	amaze, influence	Her speech impressed everyone.
impressed	admiring or affected positively	amazed, influenced	I was impressed by his knowledge.
incentive	something motivating action	motivation, reward	Bonuses are an incentive for workers.
inch	unit of length	measurement unit	The screen is 15 inches wide.
incident	event, often unusual	event, occurrence	The police investigated the incident.
income	money earned	earnings, salary	His income increased last year.
incorporate	include as part of something	include, integrate	We incorporated your suggestions.
incorrect	not correct	wrong, inaccurate	Your answer is incorrect.
increasingly	more and more	progressively, gradually	Life is becoming increasingly expensive.
independence	freedom from control	autonomy, freedom	The country gained independence.
index	list or indicator	listing, indicator	Check the index at the back of the book.
indication	sign or signal	sign, evidence	There is no indication of rain.
industrial	related to industry	manufacturing, factory-related	The city has industrial areas.
inevitable	certain to happen	unavoidable, certain	Change is inevitable.
inevitably	unavoidably	certainly, necessarily	Prices will inevitably rise.
infection	disease caused by germs	illness, contamination	He developed a lung infection.
infer	reach conclusion from evidence	conclude, deduce	We can infer meaning from context.
inflation	rise in prices	price rise, economic inflation	Inflation reduced buying power.
info	informal word for information	details, information	Send me the info later.
inform	tell or notify	notify, tell	Please inform us of changes.
inhabitant	person/animal living in place	resident, occupant	The island has few inhabitants.
inherit	receive from previous generation	receive, obtain	She inherited a large house.
initial	first or beginning	first, opening	My initial reaction was surprise.
initially	at first	originally, first	Initially, the project seemed easy.
initiative	new plan or ability to act independently	enterprise, leadership	She showed initiative at work.
ink	colored liquid for writing/printing	dye, pigment	My pen is out of ink.
inner	inside or internal	internal, inside	She found inner peace.
innovation	new idea or invention	invention, advancement	Technology depends on innovation.
innovative	introducing new ideas	creative, original	It’s an innovative solution.
input	contribution or data entered	contribution, feedback	Thank you for your input.
insert	put inside	place, put in	Insert the key carefully.
insight	deep understanding	understanding, awareness	His article offers useful insight.
insist	demand firmly	demand, persist	She insisted on paying.
inspector	official who checks things	examiner, officer	The building inspector visited today.
inspire	motivate or encourage	motivate, encourage	Her story inspired many people.
install	put equipment/software in place	set up, fit	Install the app on your phone.
installation	process of putting in place	setup, fitting	Installation takes about an hour.
instance	example or case	example, occurrence	This is one instance of success.
instant	immediate	immediate, immediate-response	Instant coffee is convenient.
instantly	immediately	immediately, at once	She instantly recognized him.
institute	organization for education/research	academy, organization	He works at a research institute.
institution	established organization	organization, establishment	Universities are educational institutions.
insurance	financial protection against loss	coverage, protection	Car insurance is expensive.
integrate	combine into whole	combine, merge	Schools should integrate technology.
intellectual	relating to intelligence or thinker	academic, thinker	She enjoys intellectual discussions.
intended	planned or meant	planned, deliberate	This gift is intended for you.
intense	very strong	extreme, powerful	The competition was intense.
interact	communicate or work together	communicate, engage	Students interact online daily.
interaction	communication between people/things	communication, exchange	Social interaction is important.
internal	inside or within organization/body	inner, inside	The company has internal problems.
interpret	explain meaning	explain, translate	How do you interpret this poem?
interpretation	explanation of meaning	explanation, analysis	His interpretation was unique.
interrupt	stop someone while speaking/doing	disturb, break in	Sorry to interrupt your meeting.
interval	period between events	gap, pause	There was a short interval between classes.
invade	enter by force	attack, occupy	The army invaded the country.
invasion	forceful entry into place	attack, occupation	The invasion changed history.
investigation	official examination or inquiry	inquiry, examination	Police began an investigation.
investment	money put in for profit	funding, asset purchase	Education is a good investment.
investor	person who invests money	financier, backer	Investors expect returns.
isolate	separate from others	separate, quarantine	The patient was isolated.
isolated	alone or separated	remote, separated	The village is isolated.
issue	publish or provide officially	release, distribute	The bank issued a new card.

B2— J Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
jail	place where criminals are held	prison, detention center	He was sent to jail for theft.
jet	fast aircraft	airplane, plane	The jet flew across the ocean.
joint	shared or connecting part	connection, shared	They opened a joint bank account.
journalism	activity of collecting and reporting news	reporting, news writing	She studied journalism at university.
joy	great happiness	happiness, delight	The news brought her great joy.
judgement	ability to make decisions / legal decision	opinion, verdict	Good judgement is important in leadership.
junior	lower rank or younger	younger, lower-level	He is a junior manager.
jury	group deciding court case	panel, court members	The jury reached a verdict.
justice	fairness or legal system	fairness, equity	Justice must be served.
justify	show or prove something is right	defend, explain	Can you justify your answer?

B2— K Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
kidnap	take someone away illegally by force	abduct, seize	The criminal tried to kidnap the child.
kidney	organ that filters blood in the body	organ	Drinking water helps your kidneys work properly.
kindergarten	school for young children	preschool, nursery	She started kindergarten at age five.
kit	set of tools or equipment	set, equipment	He bought a first-aid kit for camping.

B2— L Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
labour	work, especially physical work	work, effort	Manual labour is hard work.
ladder	tool for climbing	steps, stepladder	He climbed the ladder to fix the roof.
landing	place where planes/people arrive	arrival area	The plane made a smooth landing.
landscape	natural scenery	scenery, view	The landscape was beautiful.
lane	narrow road or path	street, path	Walk in the bicycle lane.
largely	mostly or mainly	mainly, mostly	The plan was largely successful.
laser	device that produces focused light	light beam device	The doctor used a laser for surgery.
lately	recently	recently, of late	I haven’t seen him lately.
launch	start or send out	start, introduce	They launched a new product.
leadership	ability to lead	guidance, direction	Good leadership is important.
league	group or association, often sports	association, division	Our team joined a football league.
lean	bend or rest against something	tilt, bend	He leaned against the wall.
legend	famous story or person	myth, tale	He is a football legend.
lens	curved glass in camera/eye	glass, optic	The camera lens is dirty.
licence	official permission document	permit, authorization	You need a driving licence.
lifetime	whole period of a life	lifespan, duration	It was a lifetime opportunity.
lighting	arrangement of lights	illumination	The stage lighting was perfect.
likewise	in the same way	similarly, also	She enjoys music; likewise, her brother does too.
limitation	restriction or weakness	restriction, constraint	Time is the main limitation.
limited	not large or enough	restricted, small	Seats are limited.
literally	exactly as stated	exactly, truly	I literally ran all the way here.
literary	related to literature	written, book-related	She has strong literary skills.
litter	rubbish left in public place	trash, garbage	Don’t drop litter here.
lively	full of energy	energetic, active	The party was lively.
liver	organ in the body	organ	The liver helps detoxify the body.
load	amount carried / put into	cargo, burden	The truck carried a heavy load.
loan	money lent	credit, borrowing	He took a bank loan.
logical	reasonable and sensible	rational, reasonable	That is a logical explanation.
logo	symbol of a company	emblem, brand mark	The company changed its logo.
long-term	lasting a long time	extended, lasting	This is a long-term plan.
loose	not tight	slack, free	The shirt is too loose.
lord	title for a nobleman	noble, ruler	The lord owned large land.
lottery	game of chance with prizes	raffle, draw	She won the lottery.
lower	move down or reduce	reduce, decrease	Prices were lowered.
loyal	faithful and supportive	faithful, devoted	Dogs are very loyal.
lung	organ for breathing	respiratory organ	Smoking damages the lungs.
lyric	words of a song	song text, verse	The song lyrics are beautiful.

B2—M Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
magnificent	extremely beautiful or impressive	splendid, grand	The palace looks magnificent.
maintain	keep in good condition or continue	preserve, sustain	They maintain the building well.
majority	most of a group	most, bulk	The majority voted yes.
makeup	cosmetics or composition of something	cosmetics, structure	She bought new makeup.
making	process of creating something	creation, production	The making of the film took years.
manufacture	produce in large quantities	produce, make	The factory manufactures cars.
manufacturing	industrial production	production, making	Manufacturing is important for the economy.
marathon	long-distance race	long race	He ran a marathon last year.
margin	edge or difference	edge, border	Write notes in the margin.
marker	tool for writing or sign	pen, indicator	Use a marker on the board.
martial	related to war or combat	military, fighting	He studied martial arts.
mass	large amount or group	bulk, crowd	A mass of people gathered.
massive	very large	huge, enormous	They built a massive stadium.
master	expert / gain control	expert, dominate	She is a master of chess.
matching	fitting together	corresponding, similar	She wore matching shoes.
mate	friend / partner	friend, companion	He went out with his mates.
maximum	highest possible amount	highest, peak	Speed limit is maximum 60 km/h.
means	method or way	method, way	We need a means to solve it.
measurement	size or amount found by measuring	dimension, calculation	Accurate measurement is important.
mechanic	person who fixes machines	technician, engineer	The mechanic repaired my car.
mechanical	related to machines	technical, automatic	It was a mechanical failure.
mechanism	system or process	system, structure	The mechanism is complex.
medal	award for achievement	award, prize	She won a gold medal.
medication	medicine or treatment	medicine, drug	Take your medication daily.
medium	middle size or method	middle, average	Choose a medium size shirt.
melt	become liquid from heat	dissolve, liquefy	The ice will melt quickly.
membership	state of being a member	affiliation, enrollment	Gym membership is expensive.
memorable	easy to remember	unforgettable, striking	It was a memorable trip.
metaphor	figure of speech comparing things	symbol, analogy	“Time is money” is a metaphor.
method	way of doing something	approach, technique	She has a good study method.
military	armed forces	army, defense	He joined the military.
miner	person who digs for minerals	digger, worker	The miner worked underground.
mineral	natural substance from earth	substance, resource	Water contains minerals.
minimum	smallest amount	least, lowest	The minimum age is 18.
minister	government official	official, leader	The minister made a speech.
minor	small or unimportant	small, slight	It was a minor injury.
minority	smaller group	few, undergroup	The minority voted against it.
miserable	very unhappy	unhappy, depressed	He felt miserable alone.
mission	important task or duty	task, assignment	The mission was successful.
mistaken	wrong or incorrect	wrong, incorrect	You are mistaken about me.
mixed	combined or not uniform	blended, varied	We had mixed feelings.
mode	way or method	method, style	Choose payment mode.
modest	not proud; simple	humble, simple	She is very modest.
modify	change slightly	adjust, alter	We modified the plan.
monitor	screen / observe	screen, watch	The monitor displays data.
monster	imaginary frightening creature	beast, creature	The movie had a monster.
monthly	every month	per month	We pay rent monthly.
monument	structure honoring something	memorial, statue	The monument is historic.
moral	relating to right and wrong	ethical, righteous	It’s a moral decision.
moreover	in addition	furthermore, also	Moreover, it saves time.
mortgage	loan for buying property	loan, debt	They paid their mortgage.
mosque	place of Muslim worship	Islamic temple	We visited a mosque.
mosquito	small biting insect	insect, pest	Mosquitoes spread disease.
motion	movement	movement, action	The camera captured motion.
motivate	encourage someone	inspire, encourage	Teachers motivate students.
motivation	reason to act	drive, incentive	She has strong motivation.
motor	machine that produces movement	engine, machine	The motor is powerful.
mount	climb or attach	climb, install	He mounted the horse.
moving	causing strong emotion	emotional, touching	It was a moving speech.
multiple	many	several, numerous	He has multiple tasks.
multiply	increase in number	increase, grow	Numbers multiply quickly.
mysterious	difficult to understand	puzzling, strange	It was a mysterious case.
myth	traditional story or belief	legend, tale	Greek myths are famous.

B2—N Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
naked	without clothes	bare, uncovered	The statue was completely naked.
nasty	unpleasant or bad	unpleasant, awful	He made a nasty comment.
navigation	process of finding direction	guidance, routing	Navigation systems use GPS.
nearby	close in distance	close, near	There is a café nearby.
neat	tidy and orderly	tidy, clean	Her room is very neat.
necessity	something essential	need, requirement	Water is a basic necessity.
negative	bad or not positive	harmful, pessimistic	He gave a negative response.
negotiate	discuss to reach agreement	bargain, discuss	They negotiated a deal.
negotiation	discussion to reach agreement	bargaining, discussion	The negotiation took hours.
nerve	courage or feeling nerve system	courage, bravery	He has the nerve to try again.
neutral	not supporting either side	unbiased, impartial	The country stayed neutral.
nevertheless	however; despite that	however, nonetheless	It was risky; nevertheless, he tried.
newly	recently	recently, freshly	She is newly married.
nickel	small coin / chemical element	coin, metal	He found a nickel on the ground.
nightmare	bad dream	bad dream, horror dream	I had a nightmare last night.
nostalgia	longing for the past	sentimentality, longing	He felt nostalgia for childhood.
notebook	book for writing notes	journal, pad	She wrote it in her notebook.
notion	idea or belief	idea, concept	I have no notion of what happened.
novelist	writer of novels	author, writer	She is a famous novelist.
nowadays	in the present time	currently, these days	People travel more nowadays.
numerous	many	many, countless	There are numerous reasons.
nursing	caring for sick people	healthcare, care	She works in nursing.
nutrition	food and health process	diet, nourishment	Good nutrition is important.

B2—O Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
obesity	excessive body fat condition	overweight, fatness	Obesity is a growing health issue.
obey	follow rules or orders	follow, comply	Children must obey school rules.
object	thing / express disagreement	item, thing / oppose	I object to that decision.
objective	goal or aim	goal, aim	Our objective is to finish early.
obligatory	required by rule	mandatory, required	Attendance is obligatory.
obligation	duty or responsibility	duty, responsibility	You have an obligation to pay.
observation	act of watching carefully	monitoring, noticing	Observation is important in science.
observe	watch carefully	watch, notice	Scientists observe behavior.
observer	person who watches	viewer, witness	The observer recorded the results.
obstacle	barrier or difficulty	barrier, hindrance	Fear is a major obstacle.
obtain	get or acquire	get, acquire	She obtained a visa.
occasionally	sometimes	sometimes, now and then	I occasionally visit my hometown.
occupation	job or profession	job, career	Teaching is a noble occupation.
occupy	fill or take space	fill, use	The room was occupied.
offence	crime or insult	crime, violation	He committed a serious offence.
offend	insult or upset	insult, hurt	I didn’t mean to offend you.
offender	person who commits crime	criminal, violator	The offender was arrested.
offensive	rude or insulting	rude, insulting	His comments were offensive.
ongoing	still happening	continuing, active	The investigation is ongoing.
onwards	forward in time or direction	forward, ahead	From Monday onwards, changes apply.
opening	beginning or gap	start, gap	The opening of the film was strong.
openly	in a public or honest way	frankly, publicly	She spoke openly about her problems.
opera	musical drama performance	musical, performance	We watched an opera.
operate	function or perform surgery	work, run	The machine operates automatically.
operator	person/system that operates something	controller, worker	The phone operator helped me.
opponent	person you compete against	rival, competitor	He defeated his opponent.
oppose	disagree with or resist	resist, object	They oppose the new law.
opposed	against something	against, contrary	I am opposed to that idea.
opposition	resistance or rival group	resistance, opposition party	The opposition criticized the plan.
optical	related to vision/light	visual, eye-related	Optical lenses improve sight.
optimistic	hopeful about future	hopeful, positive	She is optimistic about results.
orchestra	group of musicians	band, ensemble	The orchestra performed beautifully.
organ	body part / musical instrument	body part, instrument	The heart is an organ.
organic	natural, without chemicals	natural, eco-friendly	They eat organic food.
origin	beginning or source	source, beginning	The origin of the word is Latin.
otherwise	or else / in other case	or else, differently	Study hard, otherwise you will fail.
outcome	result	result, consequence	The outcome was unexpected.
outer	outside part	external, outermost	Outer space is vast.
outfit	set of clothes	clothing, attire	She wore a new outfit.
outline	summary / shape / describe briefly	summary, sketch	He outlined the plan.
output	amount produced	production, result	Factory output increased.
outstanding	excellent or unpaid	excellent, remarkable	She did an outstanding job.
overall	total or general	total, overall effect	Overall, the project succeeded.
overcome	succeed in dealing with	defeat, conquer	He overcame his fear.
overnight	during the night / very fast	suddenly, quickly	The change happened overnight.
overseas	abroad	abroad, foreign	He works overseas.
owe	be in debt to someone	be indebted	I owe you money.
ownership	possession of something	possession, control	Ownership was transferred.
oxygen	gas needed for breathing	O₂, air gas	Humans need oxygen to survive.

B2—P Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
pace	speed of movement / walk back and forth	speed, rate	He walked at a fast pace.
pace	walk back and forth nervously	walk, measure	She paced the room.
packet	small package	pack, bundle	I bought a packet of biscuits.
palm	inside part of hand / type of tree	hand surface	She held it in her palm.
panel	group or flat board	committee, board	A panel discussed the issue.
panic	sudden fear	fear, alarm	The crowd panicked.
panic	to feel sudden fear	fear, worry	Don’t panic during the test.
parade	public procession	march, procession	We watched the parade.
parallel	side-by-side / similar	corresponding, similar	The lines are parallel.
parliament	law-making body	legislature, congress	Parliament passed the law.
part-time	working fewer hours	temporary, half-time	She has a part-time job.
participant	person taking part	member, competitor	Each participant gave a speech.
participation	act of taking part	involvement, engagement	Participation is required.
partly	not completely	partially, somewhat	The work is partly done.
partnership	cooperation between people/groups	alliance, collaboration	They formed a partnership.
passage	section of text or path	paragraph, corridor	Read the passage carefully.
passionate	showing strong emotion	enthusiastic, intense	She is passionate about music.
password	secret login code	passcode, key	Never share your password.
patch	small piece or repair area	spot, repair	He fixed the patch on his jeans.
patience	ability to wait calmly	tolerance, calmness	You need patience to learn.
pause	short stop	break, halt	She took a short pause.
pause	stop briefly	stop, hesitate	He paused before answering.
peer	person of equal status	colleague, equal	She learned from her peers.
penalty	punishment or fine	punishment, fine	He received a penalty.
pension	money after retirement	retirement pay	She lives on a pension.
perceive	notice or understand	see, recognize	I perceive a problem here.
perception	way of understanding something	awareness, view	Perception affects decisions.
permanent	lasting forever	lasting, fixed	He got a permanent job.
permanently	forever	forever, constantly	The damage is permanently fixed.
permit	official permission / allow	allow, authorize	You need a permit to enter.
perspective	point of view	viewpoint, angle	Try a different perspective.
pharmacy	place that sells medicine	drugstore	I bought medicine at the pharmacy.
phase	stage in process	stage, period	This is the final phase.
phenomenon	observable event	occurrence, event	Rainbows are a natural phenomenon.
philosophy	study of knowledge and life	thinking, worldview	He studies philosophy.
physician	medical doctor	doctor, medic	The physician examined the patient.
pile	stack / heap	stack, heap	A pile of books fell.
pile	put in a heap	stack, gather	They piled the boxes.
pill	small tablet of medicine	tablet, capsule	Take one pill daily.
pitch	throw / field / tone	throw, field	He pitched the ball.
pity	feeling of sadness for someone	sympathy, compassion	I felt pity for him.
placement	act of placing / job assignment	position, assignment	Job placement is important.
plain	simple / flat land	simple, clear	She wore a plain dress.
plus	in addition to	and, along with	Ten plus five is fifteen.
pointed	having a sharp tip / direct	sharp, direct	He made a pointed remark.
popularity	being liked by many	fame, favor	The singer’s popularity grew.
portion	part or share	part, segment	Eat a small portion.
pose	position / present a question	position, present	She posed for a photo.
positive	optimistic / good	optimistic, good	Stay positive during exams.
possess	own or have	own, hold	She possesses great talent.
potential	possible ability	possible, capability	He has great potential.
potentially	possibly	possibly, maybe	It could potentially fail.
praise	express approval	compliment, admire	Teachers praise good work.
precious	very valuable	valuable, dear	This ring is precious.
precise	exact and accurate	exact, accurate	Give precise instructions.
precisely	exactly	exactly, accurately	That is precisely correct.
predictable	easy to guess	expected, obvious	The ending was predictable.
preference	liking one thing more	choice, liking	I have a preference for tea.
pregnant	expecting a baby	expecting	She is pregnant.
preparation	process of getting ready	planning, readiness	Preparation is key.
presence	state of being there	existence, attendance	Her presence was calming.
preserve	protect or keep safe	protect, conserve	We must preserve nature.
presidential	related to president	leader-related	It was a presidential election.
pride	satisfaction or dignity	dignity, honor	She takes pride in her work.
primarily	mainly	mainly, mostly	It is primarily for students.
prime	main or most important	main, chief	This is a prime example.
principal	main / school head	main, director	The principal spoke to students.
principle	fundamental rule	rule, belief	He follows strong principles.
prior	earlier	previous, earlier	Prior experience is needed.
priority	most important thing	importance, focus	Safety is our priority.
privacy	state of being private	secrecy, solitude	Everyone values privacy.
probability	chance of something happening	likelihood, chance	The probability is low.
probable	likely to happen	likely, possible	Rain is probable tomorrow.
procedure	official way of doing something	process, method	Follow the procedure carefully.
proceed	continue or go forward	continue, go on	Please proceed with the task.
professional	skilled / expert worker	expert, qualified	She is a professional athlete.
programming	writing computer code	coding, software development	He studies programming.
progressive	forward-thinking / improving	modern, advanced	The city is progressive.
prohibit	forbid officially	ban, forbid	Smoking is prohibited.
promising	showing future success	hopeful, bright	She is a promising student.
promotion	advancement or advertising	upgrade, advancement	He got a promotion.
prompt	cause to act / quick	encourage, quick	The message prompted action.
proof	evidence	evidence, confirmation	We need proof.
proportion	comparative part	ratio, share	The proportion is small.
proposal	suggestion or plan	suggestion, plan	They made a proposal.
propose	suggest or offer	suggest, recommend	He proposed a new idea.
prospect	possibility of future success	chance, opportunity	Job prospects are good.
protection	defense from harm	defense, safety	Sunscreen offers protection.
protein	nutrient for body growth	nutrient	Eggs contain protein.
protester	person who protests	demonstrator, activist	Protesters gathered outside.
proven	shown to be true	confirmed, verified	It is a proven method.
psychological	related to mind	mental, emotional	He has psychological stress.
psychologist	mental health expert	therapist, counselor	She is a psychologist.
psychology	study of mind and behavior	mental science	He studies psychology.
publication	act of publishing	release, printing	The publication date is set.
publicity	attention from media	attention, exposure	The movie got huge publicity.
publishing	producing books/media	printing, releasing	Publishing takes time.
punk	rebellious music/style	subculture, music style	Punk music is loud.
pupil	student / eye part	student	The pupil learned quickly.
purchase	buy something	buy, acquire	I purchased a phone.
pure	clean / not mixed	clean, original	The water is pure.
purely	only, completely	only, simply	It is purely optional.
pursue	follow or chase	follow, chase	She pursues her dream.
pursuit	act of chasing or seeking	chase, search	Knowledge is a lifelong pursuit.
puzzle	game/problem to solve	riddle, mystery	I solved the puzzle.

B2—Q Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
question	ask or express doubt about something	ask, challenge, inquire	She questioned his decision.
questionnaire	list of questions used for surveys	survey form, form	We filled out a questionnaire.

B2—R Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
racial	related to race or ethnicity	ethnic, racial-based	Racial equality is important.
racism	discrimination based on race	prejudice, bias	Racism has no place in society.
racist	showing or believing racism	prejudiced, biased	His comments were racist.
radar	system for detecting objects	detection system	The ship uses radar.
radiation	energy in waves or particles	emission, rays	Radiation can be harmful.
rail	metal track for trains / bar	track, railway	The train runs on rail.
random	without pattern	arbitrary, accidental	We chose a random number.
rank	position in order / classify	position, grade	She reached top rank.
rapid	very fast	quick, fast	The changes were rapid.
rapidly	very quickly	quickly, fast	Prices increased rapidly.
raw	uncooked / natural	uncooked, natural	I don’t eat raw fish.
realistic	practical and true to life	practical, actual	It’s a realistic plan.
reasonable	fair and sensible	fair, logical	The price is reasonable.
reasonably	fairly or moderately	fairly, quite	She is reasonably happy.
rebuild	build again	reconstruct, restore	They rebuilt the house.
recall	remember or bring back	remember, recollect	I can’t recall his name.
receiver	person/device that receives	recipient, catcher	The receiver answered the call.
recession	economic decline	downturn, slump	The recession affected jobs.
reckon	think or believe (informal)	think, assume	I reckon he is right.
recognition	being identified or praised	acknowledgment, credit	She gained recognition.
recover	get better or regain	heal, recuperate	He recovered quickly.
recovery	return to health/state	healing, improvement	Recovery takes time.
recruit	hire or enlist	hire, employ	They recruited new staff.
reduction	decrease	decrease, cut	There was a price reduction.
referee	official in sports	umpire, judge	The referee made a decision.
refugee	person fleeing danger	displaced person	Refugees need support.
regard	consider or respect	consider, view	I regard him highly.
regional	relating to a region	local, area-based	Regional offices were opened.
register	record officially	enroll, record	Please register online.
registration	act of registering	enrollment, sign-up	Registration is required.
regret	feel sorry about	remorse, apologize	I regret my mistake.
regulate	control by rules	control, manage	The government regulates prices.
regulation	official rule	rule, law	Safety regulations are strict.
reinforce	strengthen	strengthen, support	They reinforced the bridge.
relatively	quite, in comparison	comparatively, fairly	It is relatively easy.
relevant	related and important	related, applicable	This is relevant information.
relief	feeling of comfort	comfort, ease	She felt great relief.
relieve	reduce pain or stress	ease, reduce	Medicine relieves pain.
relieved	feeling comfort after worry	relaxed, reassured	I felt relieved.
rely on	depend on	depend, trust	I rely on my friends.
remark	comment	comment, note	He made a rude remark.
remark	comment on something	comment, mention	She remarked on the weather.
remarkable	very unusual or impressive	amazing, outstanding	It was a remarkable success.
remarkably	very or surprisingly	surprisingly, extremely	He recovered remarkably fast.
reporting	act of giving news	journalism, coverage	News reporting is fast.
representative	person who acts for others	delegate, agent	She is a sales representative.
reputation	public opinion about someone	image, status	He has a good reputation.
requirement	necessary condition	necessity, demand	This is a job requirement.
rescue	save from danger	save, recover	Firefighters rescued people.
research	detailed study	study, investigation	She does medical research.
reserve	keep for later	book, save	We reserved a table.
resident	person living in a place	inhabitant, local	He is a city resident.
resign	leave a job	quit, step down	She resigned yesterday.
resist	oppose or fight against	oppose, withstand	They resisted change.
resolution	firm decision / solution	decision, commitment	New Year’s resolution.
resolve	solve or decide firmly	solve, settle	They resolved the issue.
resort	holiday place / turn to something	retreat, destination	We stayed at a beach resort.
restore	bring back to original state	repair, rebuild	They restored the painting.
restrict	limit	limit, control	Access is restricted.
restriction	limitation	limitation, control	Travel restrictions apply.
résumé	summary of education/work	CV, profile	Send your résumé.
retail	selling to consumers	sales, commerce	She works in retail.
retain	keep or hold	keep, preserve	We retained our customers.
retirement	end of working life	pension, withdrawal	He enjoys retirement.
reveal	show or disclose	expose, uncover	The truth was revealed.
revenue	income earned	income, earnings	Company revenue increased.
revision	review or change	review, editing	Revision is important before exams.
revolution	major change or uprising	uprising, transformation	The revolution changed history.
reward	prize or benefit	prize, bonus	Hard work brings reward.
reward	give prize	reward, compensate	They rewarded the students.
rhythm	regular pattern of sound/movement	beat, pattern	Music has rhythm.
rid	free from something unwanted	remove, eliminate	Get rid of waste.
ridiculous	absurd or silly	absurd, silly	That idea is ridiculous.
risky	dangerous	dangerous, unsafe	It’s a risky decision.
rival	competitor	competitor, opponent	They are business rivals.
rob	steal from someone	steal, loot	Someone tried to rob the bank.
robbery	act of stealing	theft, burglary	The robbery was reported.
rocket	spacecraft or missile	missile, spacecraft	The rocket launched successfully.
romance	love relationship	love story, affection	It’s a romance film.
root	base or origin	origin, source	The root of the problem is fear.
rose	past form of rise / flower	increased / flower	Prices rose quickly.
roughly	approximately	about, nearly	It costs roughly $100.
rub	move hand over surface	wipe, massage	He rubbed his eyes.
rubber	elastic material	latex, elastic	The ball is made of rubber.
ruin	destroy completely	destroy, damage	The storm ruined the house.
rural	relating to countryside	countryside, agricultural	Rural areas are quiet.
rush	move quickly	hurry, dash	He rushed to school.

B2—S Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
satellite	object orbiting a planet / communication device	space object, orbiter	The satellite sends signals to Earth.
satisfaction	feeling of contentment	contentment, fulfillment	She felt great satisfaction after finishing.
satisfied	pleased or content	happy, content	I am satisfied with the result.
satisfy	meet a need or requirement	fulfill, please	The meal did not satisfy him.
saving	money kept for future use	savings, reserve	He used his savings to buy a car.
scale	size or system of measurement	level, range	The map is drawn to scale.
scandal	shocking wrongdoing	controversy, disgrace	The scandal shocked the public.
scare	frighten	frighten, alarm	Loud noise can scare children.
scholar	academic expert	academic, researcher	He is a famous scholar.
scholarship	financial award for study	grant, bursary	She won a scholarship.
scratch	mark surface / rub skin	scrape, mark	The cat scratched the table.
scream	shout loudly	yell, cry out	She screamed in fear.
screening	examination or showing	test, viewing	Health screening is important.
sector	part of economy or area	section, industry	He works in the public sector.
secure	make safe / safe	protect, safe	The door was secured.
seek	look for	search, look for	They seek a solution.
seeker	person who searches	applicant, hunter	Job seekers applied online.
select	choose	choose, pick	Select your answer.
selection	act of choosing / group chosen	choice, range	A wide selection is available.
self	one’s own identity	ego, identity	Self-confidence is important.
seminar	educational meeting	workshop, lecture	We attended a seminar.
senior	older / higher rank	elder, superior	He is a senior manager.
sensitive	easily affected or emotional	delicate, responsive	She is sensitive to criticism.
sequence	order of events	order, series	Follow the sequence carefully.
session	period of activity	meeting, class	The training session ended.
settle	resolve / move to live	resolve, establish	They settled the dispute.
settler	person who moves to new area	colonist, immigrant	Early settlers arrived here.
severe	very serious or extreme	serious, harsh	He suffered severe injuries.
severely	very seriously	extremely, badly	She was severely injured.
sexy	sexually attractive	attractive, appealing	The outfit looked sexy.
shade	area blocked from light / slight difference	shadow, tint	Sit in the shade.
shadow	dark shape caused by light	silhouette, shade	His shadow followed him.
shallow	not deep	superficial, surface-level	The water is shallow.
shame	feeling of embarrassment	embarrassment, disgrace	He felt shame for lying.
shaped	formed in a specific way	formed, molded	The object is heart-shaped.
shelter	protection from danger	refuge, cover	They found shelter in a cave.
shooting	act of firing weapons / filming	firing, filming	The shooting lasted hours.
shore	land beside sea	coast, beach	We walked along the shore.
short-term	lasting a short time	temporary, brief	It is a short-term plan.
shortage	lack or insufficient amount	lack, deficit	There is a shortage of food.
shortly	soon	soon, momentarily	We will leave shortly.
sibling	brother or sister	brother, sister	I have two siblings.
sidewalk	path for walking beside road	pavement, footpath	Walk on the sidewalk.
signature	person’s written name	autograph, sign	Put your signature here.
significance	importance	importance, meaning	The event has great significance.
significant	important	important, meaningful	It was a significant change.
significantly	greatly	considerably, notably	Sales increased significantly.
silence	absence of sound	quiet, stillness	Silence filled the room.
silk	smooth natural fabric	fabric, textile	She wore a silk dress.
sincere	honest and genuine	honest, genuine	He gave a sincere apology.
skilled	having ability	expert, trained	She is a skilled worker.
skull	bone structure of head	cranium	The skull protects the brain.
slave	person forced to work without freedom	servant, captive	Slavery is illegal today.
slide	move smoothly over surface	slip, glide	He slid down the hill.
slight	small or minor	small, minor	There is a slight delay.
slip	slide accidentally	slide, skid	She slipped on ice.
slogan	short advertising phrase	motto, catchphrase	The slogan was memorable.
slope	slanted surface	incline, hill	The slope is steep.
so-called	commonly named (often doubtful)	alleged, supposed	The so-called expert was wrong.
solar	related to sun	sun-based	Solar energy is clean.
somehow	in some way	by some means	We will solve it somehow.
sometime	at an unknown time	at some point	Visit me sometime.
somewhat	to some degree	slightly, moderately	I am somewhat tired.
sophisticated	advanced or complex	advanced, refined	It is a sophisticated system.
soul	spiritual or emotional essence	spirit, essence	Music touches the soul.
source	origin or provider	origin, cause	This is the source of the problem.
spare	extra or available	extra, additional	Do you have a spare pen?
specialise	focus on one area	focus, concentrate	He specialises in law.
specialist	expert in a field	expert, professional	She is a heart specialist.
species	group of living organisms	type, class	Many species are endangered.
specify	state clearly	state, define	Please specify your name.
spectacular	impressive or amazing	amazing, stunning	The view was spectacular.
spectator	person who watches event	viewer, observer	Spectators cheered loudly.
speculate	guess without evidence	guess, assume	We can only speculate.
speculation	guess or theory	guess, assumption	There is speculation about prices.
spice	flavored seasoning	seasoning, condiment	Add spice to the food.
spill	accidentally pour	pour, overflow	He spilled the milk.
spiritual	related to soul/religion	religious, sacred	She has spiritual beliefs.
in spite of	despite	despite, regardless of	In spite of rain, we went out.
split	divide into parts	divide, separate	They split the bill.
spoil	ruin or damage	ruin, damage	Don’t spoil the surprise.
spokesman	male spokesperson	representative, speaker	The spokesman gave a statement.
spokesperson	official speaker	representative	The spokesperson answered questions.
spokeswoman	female spokesperson	representative	The spokeswoman spoke clearly.
sponsor	support financially / supporter	fund, back	A company sponsors the event.
sponsorship	financial support	funding, backing	The team received sponsorship.
stable	steady and not changing	steady, secure	The economy is stable.
stall	small shop / stop moving	booth, stop	He runs a food stall.
stance	attitude or position	position, viewpoint	She took a firm stance.
stare	look fixedly	gaze, look	He stared at the screen.
starve	suffer from lack of food	hunger, famish	People may starve without food.
statistic	numerical data	data, figure	The statistic is interesting.
status	position or condition	rank, position	His status improved.
steadily	consistently	gradually, continuously	Prices rose steadily.
steady	stable and consistent	stable, constant	He has a steady job.
steam	hot vapor	vapor	Steam rose from the cup.
steel	strong metal	iron alloy	The bridge is made of steel.
steep	sharply rising or falling	sharp, high	The hill is steep.
sticky	adhesive or humid	gluey, moist	The table is sticky.
stiff	rigid or hard	rigid, firm	His muscles felt stiff.
stimulate	encourage or activate	encourage, boost	Exercise stimulates the brain.
stock	supply of goods / shares	inventory, shares	The store has no stock.
stream	small river / flow	brook, flow	A stream runs through it.
strengthen	make stronger	reinforce, boost	Exercise strengthens muscles.
stretch	extend or pull	extend, lengthen	Stretch your arms.
strict	very firm or demanding	firm, harsh	The teacher is strict.
strictly	severely or exactly	firmly, precisely	Rules are strictly enforced.
strike	hit / work stoppage	hit, attack	He struck the ball.
striking	very noticeable	impressive, vivid	She has striking eyes.
stroke	hit / medical attack	hit, blow	He had a stroke.
struggle	try hard with difficulty	fight, strive	They struggle to survive.
stunning	extremely beautiful	amazing, breathtaking	The view was stunning.
submit	present or give in	present, hand in	Submit your assignment.
substance	material or essence	material, matter	The substance is toxic.
suburb	residential area outside city	outskirts, district	They live in the suburb.
suffering	pain or hardship	pain, distress	Suffering is part of life.
sufficient	enough	enough, adequate	We have sufficient time.
sufficiently	enough	adequately, properly	He is sufficiently prepared.
sum	total amount	total, amount	The sum is correct.
super	excellent or very good	great, excellent	The movie was super.
surgeon	doctor who performs surgery	doctor, specialist	The surgeon operated.
surgery	medical operation	operation, procedure	Surgery was successful.
surround	enclose or encircle	encircle, enclose	Trees surround the house.
surrounding	nearby environment	nearby, adjacent	The surrounding area is quiet.
survival	state of continuing to live	endurance, existence	Survival is difficult here.
survivor	person who survives	escapee, witness	He is a survivor of the crash.
suspect	person believed guilty / doubt	suspect, accused	The suspect was arrested.
suspect	think something is true	doubt, assume	I suspect he is lying.
suspend	temporarily stop	pause, halt	Classes were suspended.
sustainability	ability to continue long-term	durability, eco-balance	Sustainability is important.
sustainable	able to continue long-term	eco-friendly, renewable	We need sustainable energy.
swallow	take in through throat / accept	ingest, accept	He swallowed the pill.
swear	make a serious promise / use bad language	promise, vow	I swear I didn’t do it.
sweep	clean with a broom	brush, clean	She swept the floor.
symbol	sign representing something	emblem, sign	The dove is a peace symbol.
symbolise	represent something	represent, stand for	The flag symbolises unity.
sympathetic	showing understanding	compassionate, kind	She is sympathetic.
sympathy	feeling of pity	compassion, understanding	He expressed sympathy.

B2—T Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
tag	label / attach a label	label, mark	Tag the items correctly.
tag	attach or label something	label, mark	She tagged the photo.
tale	story	story, narrative	He told a funny tale.
tank	large container / military vehicle	container, reservoir	The tank was full of water.
tap	light hit / device for water	knock, touch	He tapped the screen.
tap	hit lightly	touch, knock	She tapped the table.
tear	drop from eye / rip	rip, shred	A tear rolled down her cheek.
tear	rip something	rip, break	Don’t tear the paper.
technological	related to technology	technical, digital	Technological advances are fast.
teen	teenager	adolescent, youth	The teen loves music.
temple	place of worship	shrine, church	They visited a temple.
temporarily	for a short time	briefly, short-term	The road is temporarily closed.
temporary	not permanent	short-term, brief	It is a temporary job.
tendency	natural inclination	trend, habit	She has a tendency to worry.
tension	mental or physical stress	stress, strain	There is political tension.
terminal	end point / transport station	station, end point	The airport terminal is busy.
terms	conditions or words	conditions, rules	We agreed on the terms.
terribly	very badly / extremely	extremely, badly	I feel terribly sorry.
terrify	cause extreme fear	frighten, scare	The noise terrified him.
territory	area of land	region, land	The animal defends its territory.
terror	extreme fear	fear, horror	She was filled with terror.
terrorism	use of violence for politics	extremism, violence	Terrorism is a global issue.
terrorist	person who uses terror	extremist, attacker	The terrorist was arrested.
testing	act of examining or checking	examination, trial	Testing is underway.
textbook	school study book	coursebook, manual	I opened my textbook.
theft	act of stealing	robbery, stealing	The theft was reported.
therapist	mental/physical health specialist	counselor, healer	She sees a therapist.
therapy	treatment for illness or emotion	treatment, counseling	Therapy helps recovery.
theory	explanation or idea	hypothesis, idea	The theory is interesting.
therefore	for that reason	thus, consequently	It was late; therefore, we left.
thorough	complete and detailed	detailed, careful	Do a thorough check.
thoroughly	completely	fully, entirely	She examined it thoroughly.
threat	danger or warning	danger, risk	There is a threat of rain.
threaten	warn or endanger	intimidate, warn	He threatened to leave.
thumb	short thick finger	digit	She hurt her thumb.
thus	therefore	therefore, so	Thus, we concluded.
timing	choice of when something happens	schedule, timing	Good timing is important.
tissue	thin material / body cells	fabric / cells	The tissue was damaged.
tone	sound quality / attitude	tone, pitch	His tone was serious.
tough	strong or difficult	hard, difficult	It was a tough exam.
tournament	sports competition	competition, contest	They won the tournament.
toxic	poisonous or harmful	poisonous, harmful	The gas is toxic.
trace	small amount / find	track, detect	They found a trace of evidence.
trace	follow or find	track, follow	He traced the call.
track	path / follow	path, trail	Follow the track.
track	follow or monitor	follow, monitor	They tracked the shipment.
trading	buying and selling	commerce, exchange	Trading is profitable.
tragedy	very sad event	disaster, catastrophe	The accident was a tragedy.
tragic	very sad	heartbreaking, sad	It was a tragic story.
trait	characteristic	feature, quality	Patience is a trait.
transfer	move or relocate	move, shift	He transferred schools.
transfer	move something	move, send	Money was transferred.
transform	change completely	change, convert	Technology transforms lives.
transition	change from one state to another	changeover, shift	The transition was smooth.
transmit	send or pass on	send, broadcast	The signal is transmitted.
trap	catch or deceive	snare, capture	They trapped the animal.
trap	catch or confine	catch, confine	He was trapped in traffic.
treasure	valuable object	wealth, jewel	They found buried treasure.
trial	test or legal case	test, hearing	The trial began today.
tribe	social group	clan, group	The tribe lives nearby.
trillion	number: 1,000 billion	huge number	The debt reached a trillion.
troop	group of soldiers	soldiers, unit	Troops arrived quickly.
tropical	related to hot climates	warm, equatorial	It is a tropical region.
truly	really or sincerely	really, honestly	I truly believe it.
trust	belief in reliability	confidence, faith	Trust is important.
trust	believe in someone	rely on, believe	I trust you.
tsunami	giant ocean wave	tidal wave	The tsunami caused damage.
tune	musical sound / adjust	melody, song	That is a nice tune.
tunnel	underground passage	passage, underpass	The train entered the tunnel.

B2—U Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
ultimate	final or most important	final, highest	This is the ultimate decision.
ultimately	finally, in the end	eventually, finally	Ultimately, it worked out.
unacceptable	not allowed or not good enough	intolerable, improper	The behavior was unacceptable.
uncertainty	lack of certainty	doubt, unpredictability	There is uncertainty about the future.
unconscious	not awake / unaware	unaware, senseless	He was unconscious after the fall.
undergo	experience or go through	experience, endure	She underwent surgery.
undertake	take on a task	carry out, attempt	He undertook the project.
unexpected	not expected	surprising, sudden	It was an unexpected result.
unfold	develop or open out	develop, reveal	The story unfolded slowly.
unfortunate	unlucky or sad	unlucky, regrettable	It was an unfortunate event.
unique	one of a kind	one-of-a-kind, special	She has a unique style.
unite	come together	join, combine	The teams united.
unity	state of being united	harmony, togetherness	Unity is important in society.
universal	existing everywhere	worldwide, global	Music is a universal language.
universe	all space and everything in it	cosmos, space	The universe is vast.
unknown	not known	unfamiliar, undiscovered	The cause is unknown.
upper	higher in position	higher, top	The upper floor is closed.
upwards	moving toward a higher position	upward, up	Prices moved upwards.
urban	related to cities	city, metropolitan	Urban areas are crowded.
urge	strongly encourage / desire	push, encourage	I urge you to try it.
urgent	needing immediate action	pressing, critical	It is an urgent matter.
usage	way something is used	use, application	Word usage is important.
useless	not useful	pointless, ineffective	The tool is useless.

B2—V Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
valid	legally or logically acceptable	acceptable, legitimate	Your ticket is still valid.
variation	a change or difference	difference, alteration	There is variation in results.
vary	change or differ	change, differ	Prices vary by season.
vast	extremely large	huge, enormous	The desert is vast.
venue	place where an event happens	location, site	The concert venue was crowded.
vertical	upright, at 90 degrees	upright, perpendicular	The line is vertical.
via	by way of	through, by means of	We traveled via Paris.
victory	success in a competition	win, triumph	They celebrated victory.
victorious	having won	winning, successful	The team was victorious.
viewpoint	opinion or perspective	opinion, standpoint	From my viewpoint, it’s unfair.
violence	physical force meant to harm	aggression, brutality	Violence is never acceptable.
virtual	not physically existing but simulated	digital, online	We attended a virtual meeting.
visa	official permission to enter a country	entry permit	She got a travel visa.
visible	able to be seen	noticeable, apparent	The stars were visible.
vision	ability to see / imagination	sight, foresight	She has a clear vision.
visual	related to sight	graphic, visible	The design is very visual.
vital	extremely important	essential, crucial	Water is vital for life.
vitamin	nutrient needed for health	nutrient	Fruits contain vitamins.
volume	amount / loudness / book in series	quantity, level	Turn down the volume.
voluntarily	done by choice	willingly, freely	He left voluntarily.
voluntary	done by choice, not forced	optional, unpaid	It is voluntary work.
voting	act of choosing in an election	election, polling	Voting starts tomorrow.

B2—W Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
wage	money paid for work	salary, pay	His wages are low.
wander	move without purpose	roam, drift	They wandered in the city.
warming	increase in temperature	heating, rise	Global warming is serious.
weakness	lack of strength	flaw, fragility	His weakness is impatience.
wealth	abundance of money or resources	riches, fortune	She has great wealth.
wealthy	rich	rich, affluent	They are a wealthy family.
weekly	happening every week	every week, once a week	We have weekly meetings.
weird	strange or unusual	odd, strange	That is a weird idea.
welfare	well-being or support system	well-being, aid	Child welfare is important.
wheat	grain used for bread	grain, cereal	Wheat is widely grown.
whereas	in contrast	while, although	He is tall, whereas she is short.
wherever	in any place	anywhere	Go wherever you want.
whisper	speak very softly	murmur, hiss	She whispered the secret.
whoever	any person who	anyone who	Whoever wins gets a prize.
whom	object form of “who”	who (formal use)	To whom did you speak?
widely	over a large area	broadly, extensively	It is widely known.
widespread	common over a large area	common, extensive	The disease is widespread.
widow	woman whose husband has died	bereaved spouse	The widow inherited property.
wildlife	animals living in nature	fauna, animals	Wildlife must be protected.
willing	ready to do something	eager, prepared	She is willing to help.
wire	thin metal thread	cable, cord	The wire is broken.
wisdom	ability to make good decisions	insight, knowledge	Age brings wisdom.
wise	having good judgment	intelligent, smart	She is a wise woman.
withdraw	remove or take back	remove, pull out	He withdrew money.
witness	person who sees something / see something happen	observer, viewer	She was a witness.
witness	see something happen	observe, see	He witnessed the accident.
wolf	wild animal related to dogs	predator, canid	The wolf howled.
workforce	total number of workers	employees, staff	The workforce is growing.
workplace	place where people work	office, job site	Safety at the workplace matters.
workshop	training session / workroom	seminar, class	We attended a workshop.
worm	small crawling animal	insect, larva	The worm moves slowly.
wound	injury / harm	injury, cut	He has a wound on his arm.
wound	injure	hurt, damage	The soldier was wounded.
wrap	cover by folding around	cover, pack	She wrapped the gift.
wrist	joint between hand and arm	joint	He injured his wrist.

B2—X Y Z Words

Word	Meaning	Synonyms	Example Sentence
zone	an area or region with a specific purpose or characteristic	area, region, district	This is a no-parking zone.