{"id":484,"date":"2026-03-14T11:41:06","date_gmt":"2026-03-14T11:41:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.webmobkey.com\/blog\/?p=484"},"modified":"2026-05-03T12:52:32","modified_gmt":"2026-05-03T12:52:32","slug":"ingilizce-temel-a1-a2-konular-complete-beginner-grammar-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.webmobdesign.com\/blog\/tr\/ingilizce-temel-a1-a2-konular-complete-beginner-grammar-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"A1\u2013A2 T\u00fcm \u0130ngilizce Gramer Konular\u0131 (Complete Beginner Grammar Guide) \u0130ngilizcede Temel A1\u2013A2 Konular\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>A1\u2013A2 seviyesinde \u0130ngilizce \u00f6\u011frenenler i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f bu kapsaml\u0131 rehberde; temel gramer kurallar\u0131, zamanlar (tenses), kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar, ba\u011fla\u00e7lar ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatta kullan\u0131lan \u00f6rnek c\u00fcmlelerle \u0130ngilizcenin temellerini kolayca \u00f6\u011frenebilirsiniz. Bu i\u00e7erik, \u0130ngilizceye yeni ba\u015flayanlar i\u00e7in <strong>complete beginner grammar guide<\/strong> niteli\u011findedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Belirsiz ve Belirli Tan\u0131ml\u0131klar: <strong>A, An, The<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130ngilizcede <strong>a<\/strong> ve <strong>an<\/strong>, belirsiz bir \u015feyi tan\u0131mlarken kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>A<\/strong> \u2192 sessiz harf ile ba\u015flayan kelimeler i\u00e7in.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>An<\/strong> \u2192 sesli harf (a, e, i, o, u) ile ba\u015flayan kelimeler i\u00e7in.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rnekler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I saw <strong>a cat<\/strong> in the garden. (Bah\u00e7ede bir kedi g\u00f6rd\u00fcm.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>She wants <strong>an apple<\/strong>. (O bir elma istiyor.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The<\/strong> ise belirli bir \u015feyi tan\u0131mlar, yani hem konu\u015fan hem de dinleyici hangi nesneden bahsedildi\u011fini biliyordur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The sun<\/strong> is bright today. (G\u00fcne\u015f bug\u00fcn parlak.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>I met <strong>the teacher<\/strong> you told me about. (Bana bahsetti\u011fin \u00f6\u011fretmenle tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131m.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0130\u015faret S\u0131fatlar\u0131: <strong>This, That, These, Those<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu kelimeler, nesnelerin yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgilidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0130ngilizce<\/th><th>Yak\u0131n \/ Uzak<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>This<\/td><td>Yak\u0131n<\/td><td><strong>This book<\/strong> is mine.<\/td><td>Bu kitap benim.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>That<\/td><td>Uzak<\/td><td><strong>That house<\/strong> is old.<\/td><td>\u015eu ev eski.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>These<\/td><td>Yak\u0131n (\u00e7o\u011ful)<\/td><td><strong>These shoes<\/strong> are new.<\/td><td>Bu ayakkab\u0131lar yeni.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Those<\/td><td>Uzak (\u00e7o\u011ful)<\/td><td><strong>Those trees<\/strong> are tall.<\/td><td>\u015eu a\u011fa\u00e7lar uzun.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sahiplik S\u0131fatlar\u0131: <strong>My, Your, His, Her, Its, Our, Their<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Sahiplik ifade etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve her zaman isimden \u00f6nce gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>My<\/strong> \u2192 benim<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Your<\/strong> \u2192 senin \/ sizin<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>His<\/strong> \u2192 onun (erkek)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Her<\/strong> \u2192 onun (kad\u0131n)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Its<\/strong> \u2192 onun (cans\u0131z veya hayvan)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Our<\/strong> \u2192 bizim<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Their<\/strong> \u2192 onlar\u0131n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rnekler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>My car<\/strong> is fast. (Benim arabam h\u0131zl\u0131.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Their house<\/strong> is big. (Onlar\u0131n evi b\u00fcy\u00fck.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The cat is licking <strong>its paw<\/strong>. (Kedi pati\u011fini yal\u0131yor.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tamlamalar: <strong>Of ve With<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Of<\/strong> ve <strong>With<\/strong> genellikle iki kelimeyi birbirine ba\u011flar ve anlam zenginli\u011fi katar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Of<\/strong> \u2192 aitlik veya i\u00e7erik bildirir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>With<\/strong> \u2192 e\u015flik veya ara\u00e7 bildirir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rnekler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A friend <strong>of mine<\/strong>. (Benim bir arkada\u015f\u0131m.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A cup <strong>of tea<\/strong>. (Bir fincan \u00e7ay.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A girl <strong>with a red hat<\/strong>. (K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u015fapkal\u0131 bir k\u0131z.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yer ve Y\u00f6n Belirtme: <strong>To, At, In, On, From<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu kelimeler y\u00f6n, yer veya hareketi ifade eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Kelime<\/th><th>Kullan\u0131m<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>To<\/td><td>Hedef<\/td><td>I\u2019m going <strong>to school<\/strong>.<\/td><td>Okula gidiyorum.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>At<\/td><td>Belirli nokta<\/td><td>I\u2019m <strong>at the bus stop<\/strong>.<\/td><td>Otob\u00fcs dura\u011f\u0131nday\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>In<\/td><td>\u0130\u00e7inde<\/td><td>She is <strong>in the room<\/strong>.<\/td><td>O odada.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>On<\/td><td>\u00dcst\u00fcnde<\/td><td>The book is <strong>on the table<\/strong>.<\/td><td>Kitap masan\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>From<\/td><td>Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \/ Kaynak<\/td><td>I got a letter <strong>from my friend<\/strong>.<\/td><td>Arkada\u015f\u0131mdan bir mektup ald\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0130yelik Zamirleri: <strong>Mine, Yours, His, Hers, Its, Ours, Theirs<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Sahipli\u011fi tek ba\u015f\u0131na ifade eden kelimelerdir. \u0130simle birlikte gelmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mine<\/strong> \u2192 benimki<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Yours<\/strong> \u2192 seninki \/ sizinki<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>His<\/strong> \u2192 onunki (erkek)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hers<\/strong> \u2192 onunki (kad\u0131n)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Its<\/strong> \u2192 onunki (cans\u0131z\/hayvan)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ours<\/strong> \u2192 bizimki<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Theirs<\/strong> \u2192 onlar\u0131nki<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rnekler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This pen is <strong>mine<\/strong>. (Bu kalem benimki.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Is this bag <strong>yours<\/strong>? (Bu \u00e7anta seninki mi?)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>That car is <strong>theirs<\/strong>. (O araba onlar\u0131nki.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Fiiller: <strong>Am, Are, Is<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130ngilizcede \u201cto be\u201d fiili, c\u00fcmle kurarken olmazsa olmazd\u0131r. Kendi ba\u015f\u0131na \u201cam, is, are\u201d olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u00d6zne<\/th><th>Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Fiil<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>I<\/td><td>am<\/td><td>I <strong>am<\/strong> happy.<\/td><td>Ben mutluyum.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>You \/ We \/ They<\/td><td>are<\/td><td>You <strong>are<\/strong> my friend.<\/td><td>Sen benim arkada\u015f\u0131ms\u0131n.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>He \/ She \/ It<\/td><td>is<\/td><td>She <strong>is<\/strong> a teacher.<\/td><td>O bir \u00f6\u011fretmen.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Olumsuz yaparken <strong>not<\/strong> eklenir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I am <strong>not<\/strong> tired. (Ben yorgun de\u011filim.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They are <strong>not<\/strong> at home. (Onlar evde de\u011filler.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Soru Kelimeleri: <strong>Wh-<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kim, ne, nerede, ne zaman\u2026 \u0130ngilizcede <strong>Wh-<\/strong> soru kelimeleri ile sorulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Soru Kelimesi<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Who<\/td><td><strong>Who<\/strong> is at the door?<\/td><td>Kap\u0131da kim var?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>What<\/td><td><strong>What<\/strong> is your name?<\/td><td>Ad\u0131n ne?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Where<\/td><td><strong>Where<\/strong> do you live?<\/td><td>Nerede ya\u015f\u0131yorsun?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>When<\/td><td><strong>When<\/strong> is the meeting?<\/td><td>Toplant\u0131 ne zaman?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Why<\/td><td><strong>Why<\/strong> are you sad?<\/td><td>Neden \u00fczg\u00fcns\u00fcn?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>How<\/td><td><strong>How<\/strong> are you?<\/td><td>Nas\u0131ls\u0131n?<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c7o\u011fullar ve S \u2013 ES Kurallar\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Say\u0131labilir isimlerin \u00e7o\u011ful h\u00e2li genellikle <strong>-s<\/strong> veya <strong>-es<\/strong> ile yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>S<\/strong> \u00f6rne\u011fi:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>One cat \u2192 Two <strong>cats<\/strong> (Bir kedi \u2192 \u0130ki kedi)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Es<\/strong> \u00f6rne\u011fi:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>One box \u2192 Two <strong>boxes<\/strong> (Bir kutu \u2192 \u0130ki kutu)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130stisnalar:<\/strong> man \u2192 men, woman \u2192 women gibi d\u00fczensiz \u00e7o\u011fullar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Varl\u0131k Belirtme: <strong>There is \u2013 There are<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir \u015feyin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tekil nesne \u2192 <strong>There is<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>There is <strong>a dog<\/strong> in the garden. (Bah\u00e7ede bir k\u00f6pek var.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c7o\u011ful nesne \u2192 <strong>There are<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>There are <strong>three apples<\/strong> on the table. (Masada \u00fc\u00e7 elma var.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Miktar Sorular\u0131: <strong>How many \u2013 How much<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>How many<\/strong> \u2192 say\u0131labilir nesneler i\u00e7in\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>How many books do you have? (Ka\u00e7 kitab\u0131n var?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>How much<\/strong> \u2192 say\u0131lamayan nesneler i\u00e7in\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>How much water is in the bottle? (\u015ei\u015fede ne kadar su var?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yer Edatlar\u0131: <strong>In, On, At, Under, Between<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Yer bildirirken kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve c\u00fcmlenin anlam\u0131n\u0131 netle\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Edat<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>In<\/td><td>The cat is <strong>in<\/strong> the box.<\/td><td>Kedi kutunun i\u00e7inde.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>On<\/td><td>The keys are <strong>on<\/strong> the table.<\/td><td>Anahtarlar masan\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>At<\/td><td>I am <strong>at<\/strong> the bus stop.<\/td><td>Otob\u00fcs dura\u011f\u0131nday\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Under<\/td><td>The shoes are <strong>under<\/strong> the bed.<\/td><td>Ayakkab\u0131lar yata\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131nda.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Between<\/td><td>The park is <strong>between<\/strong> the school and the library.<\/td><td>Park okul ile k\u00fct\u00fcphane aras\u0131nda.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sahiplik: <strong>Have got \u2013 Has got<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir \u015feye sahip olmay\u0131 ifade eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I \/ You \/ We \/ They \u2192 <strong>have got<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I <strong>have got<\/strong> a new phone. (Yeni bir telefonum var.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He \/ She \/ It \u2192 <strong>has got<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>She <strong>has got<\/strong> a car. (Onun bir arabas\u0131 var.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Olumsuz h\u00e2li:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I <strong>haven\u2019t got<\/strong> any money. (Hi\u00e7 param yok.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He <strong>hasn\u2019t got<\/strong> a bike. (Onun bir bisikleti yok.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yetenek ve \u0130zin: <strong>Can \u2013 Can&#8217;t<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Can<\/strong> yetenek veya izin ifade eder, <strong>can\u2019t<\/strong> ise olumsuz h\u00e2lidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I <strong>can<\/strong> swim. (Y\u00fczebilirim.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You <strong>can\u2019t<\/strong> park here. (Buraya park edemezsin.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Yetenek: <strong>Could \u2013 Couldn&#8217;t<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Could<\/strong> ge\u00e7mi\u015fte bir yetene\u011fi veya olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>When I was a child, I <strong>could<\/strong> climb trees. (\u00c7ocukken a\u011fa\u00e7lara t\u0131rmanabilirdim.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He <strong>couldn\u2019t<\/strong> come to the party yesterday. (D\u00fcn partiye gelememi\u015fti.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Olas\u0131l\u0131k veya \u0130zin Anlam\u0131<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cCould\u201d yaln\u0131zca yetenek de\u011fil, ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki olas\u0131l\u0131k veya kibar izin anlam\u0131 da ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Could I borrow your pen yesterday?<\/strong><br>(D\u00fcn kalemini \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 alabilir miydim?) \u2013 Kibar izin<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>It could rain yesterday, so we stayed inside.<\/strong><br>(D\u00fcn ya\u011fmur ya\u011fabilirdi, bu y\u00fczden i\u00e7eride kald\u0131k.) \u2013 Olas\u0131l\u0131k<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>He couldn\u2019t have known about the surprise.<\/strong><br>(S\u00fcrpriz hakk\u0131nda bilgisi olamazd\u0131.) \u2013 Mant\u0131ksal olas\u0131l\u0131k olumsuzu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u0130pucu:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cCould\u201d genellikle ge\u00e7mi\u015fle ili\u015fkilidir ama kibar izin ve olas\u0131l\u0131k anlam\u0131 i\u00e7in <strong>\u015fimdiki veya gelecek zamanla da kullan\u0131labilir<\/strong>. \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Could I ask you a question?<\/strong><br>(Sana bir soru sorabilir miyim?) \u2013 Bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in izin istemek<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Emir C\u00fcmleleri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Emir c\u00fcmleleri, birine bir \u015fey yapmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek veya tavsiye vermek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sit down.<\/strong> (Otur.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Please, open the window.<\/strong> (L\u00fctfen, pencereyi a\u00e7.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Don\u2019t be late.<\/strong> (Ge\u00e7 kalma.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Olumsuz emirlerde <strong>don\u2019t<\/strong> kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Davet ve \u00d6neri C\u00fcmleleri: <strong>Let&#8217;s, How about, What about, Shall we, Why don\u2019t<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir \u015feyi birlikte yapmay\u0131 \u00f6nermek veya davet etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Let\u2019s go to the park.<\/strong> (Hadi parka gidelim.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>How about watching a movie?<\/strong> (Film izlemeye ne dersin?)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>What about having dinner together?<\/strong> (Birlikte ak\u015fam yeme\u011fi yemeye ne dersin?)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Shall we start the meeting?<\/strong> (Toplant\u0131ya ba\u015flayal\u0131m m\u0131?)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Why don\u2019t we try that new restaurant?<\/strong> (Yeni restorana gitmeye ne dersiniz?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Liste halinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrsek, bunlar hem samimi hem de kibar davet ifadeleri olarak g\u00fcnl\u00fck konu\u015fmalarda \u00e7ok i\u015fe yarar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Miktar ve Yeterlilik: <strong>Too \u2013 Enough<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Too<\/strong> fazla anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r, genellikle olumsuzluk ile birlikte kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>This bag is too heavy.<\/strong> (Bu \u00e7anta \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>He talks too much.<\/strong> (O \u00e7ok fazla konu\u015fuyor.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Enough<\/strong> yeterlilik anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r, genellikle s\u0131fat veya isimden sonra gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>She is tall enough to reach the shelf.<\/strong> (Raf\u0131 eri\u015fecek kadar uzun.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Do we have enough chairs?<\/strong> (Yeterli sandalye var m\u0131?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vurgu: <strong>So \u2013 Such<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>So<\/strong> + s\u0131fat, <strong>such<\/strong> + isim ile kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>She is so kind.<\/strong> (O \u00e7ok nazik.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>It was such a beautiful day.<\/strong> (O \u00e7ok g\u00fczel bir g\u00fcnd\u00fc.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck fark: <strong>so<\/strong> yaln\u0131zca s\u0131fatlarla, <strong>such<\/strong> ise isimlerle birlikte kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u0131kl\u0131k Zarflar\u0131: <strong>Always \u2013 Never \u2013 Sometimes<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Geni\u015f zamanda, bir eylemin ne s\u0131kl\u0131kta ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini anlat\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Zarflar<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Always<\/td><td>I <strong>always<\/strong> drink coffee in the morning.<\/td><td>Sabahlar\u0131 her zaman kahve i\u00e7erim.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Never<\/td><td>She <strong>never<\/strong> eats meat.<\/td><td>O asla et yemez.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sometimes<\/td><td>We <strong>sometimes<\/strong> go to the cinema.<\/td><td>Bazen sinemaya gideriz.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130pucu:<\/strong> Zarflar genellikle \u00f6zne ve fiil aras\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r: <em>She <strong>always<\/strong> studies hard.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yaz\u0131m Kurallar\u0131 ve S Tak\u0131lar\u0131: <strong>Ch, Sh, Ss, X, O, Dy, Ly, Ry<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7o\u011ful eklerinde baz\u0131 harflerle biten kelimelere \u00f6zel ekler gelir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Kelime Sonu<\/th><th>\u00c7o\u011ful H\u00e2l<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Ch<\/td><td>-es<\/td><td><strong>watch \u2192 watches<\/strong><\/td><td>Saat \u2192 Saatler<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sh<\/td><td>-es<\/td><td><strong>dish \u2192 dishes<\/strong><\/td><td>Tabak \u2192 Tabaklar<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ss<\/td><td>-es<\/td><td><strong>kiss \u2192 kisses<\/strong><\/td><td>\u00d6p\u00fcc\u00fck \u2192 \u00d6p\u00fcc\u00fckler<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>X<\/td><td>-es<\/td><td><strong>box \u2192 boxes<\/strong><\/td><td>Kutu \u2192 Kutular<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>O<\/td><td>-es<\/td><td><strong>tomato \u2192 tomatoes<\/strong><\/td><td>Domates \u2192 Domatesler<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dy<\/td><td>-ies<\/td><td><strong>baby \u2192 babies<\/strong><\/td><td>Bebek \u2192 Bebekler<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ly<\/td><td>-lies<\/td><td><strong>family \u2192 families<\/strong><\/td><td>Aile \u2192 Aileler<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ry<\/td><td>-ries<\/td><td><strong>story \u2192 stories<\/strong><\/td><td>Hikaye \u2192 Hikayeler<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Di\u011fer \u00e7o\u011ful ekleri ise genellikle sadece <strong>-s<\/strong> ile yap\u0131l\u0131r: cat \u2192 cats, book \u2192 books.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">G\u00fcnl\u00fck Rutin C\u00fcmleleri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131m\u0131zda s\u0131k kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z c\u00fcmleleri bilmek \u00e7ok faydal\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I wake up at 7 a.m. every day.<\/strong> (Her g\u00fcn sabah 7\u2019de uyan\u0131r\u0131m.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>She goes to work by bus.<\/strong> (O i\u015fe otob\u00fcsle gider.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>We have lunch at 12 o\u2019clock.<\/strong> (\u00d6\u011fle yeme\u011fini saat 12\u2019de yeriz.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>He watches TV in the evening.<\/strong> (Ak\u015famlar\u0131 televizyon izler.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu c\u00fcmleler hem geni\u015f zaman hem de g\u00fcnl\u00fck rutinleri anlatmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Fiiller: <strong>Do \u2013 Does<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Geni\u015f zamanda (Simple Present) soru ve olumsuz c\u00fcmle kurarken <strong>do<\/strong> ve <strong>does<\/strong> kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u00d6zne<\/th><th>Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Fiil<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>I \/ You \/ We \/ They<\/td><td>do<\/td><td><strong>Do you like pizza?<\/strong><\/td><td>Pizza sever misin?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>He \/ She \/ It<\/td><td>does<\/td><td><strong>Does she work here?<\/strong><\/td><td>O burada m\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor?<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Olumsuz h\u00e2lde:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I do not (don\u2019t) like spinach.<\/strong> (Ispanak sevmem.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>He does not (doesn\u2019t) play football.<\/strong> (O futbol oynamaz.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Geni\u015f Zaman Kullan\u0131m Yerleri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Geni\u015f zaman, al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131, genel do\u011frular\u0131 ve rutinleri anlat\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I drink coffee every morning.<\/strong> (Her sabah kahve i\u00e7erim.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The sun rises in the east.<\/strong> (G\u00fcne\u015f do\u011fudan do\u011far.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>She usually walks to school.<\/strong> (Genellikle okula y\u00fcr\u00fcr.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130pucu:<\/strong> Zaman zarflar\u0131 (<strong>always, never, sometimes, usually<\/strong>) geni\u015f zamanda s\u0131k kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u015eimdiki Zaman: <strong>-ing ile<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eimdiki zaman (Present Continuous) \u015fu anda olan eylemleri anlat\u0131r ve <strong>am\/is\/are + fiil-ing<\/strong> form\u00fcl\u00fc ile kurulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I am reading a book now.<\/strong> (\u015eu anda bir kitap okuyorum.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>They are playing football in the garden.<\/strong> (Bah\u00e7ede futbol oynuyorlar.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>She is watching TV.<\/strong> (O televizyon izliyor.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Olumsuz h\u00e2li:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I am not sleeping.<\/strong> (Uyumuyorum.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>He isn\u2019t studying.<\/strong> (O ders \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131yor.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Zaman: <strong>Was \u2013 Were<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte bir durum veya eylemi anlatmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u00d6zne<\/th><th>Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Fiil<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>I \/ He \/ She \/ It<\/td><td>was<\/td><td><strong>I was tired yesterday.<\/strong><\/td><td>D\u00fcn yorgundum.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>You \/ We \/ They<\/td><td>were<\/td><td><strong>We were at the park.<\/strong><\/td><td>Parktayd\u0131k.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Olumsuz h\u00e2li:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I wasn\u2019t at home.<\/strong> (Evde de\u011fildim.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>They weren\u2019t happy.<\/strong> (Mutlu de\u011fillerdi.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fiillerin 2. Halleri (Past Simple)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki eylemler i\u00e7in fiillerin ikinci halleri kullan\u0131l\u0131r. D\u00fczenli fiiller genellikle <strong>-ed<\/strong> ile yap\u0131l\u0131r, d\u00fczensiz fiiller de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I visited my friend yesterday.<\/strong> (D\u00fcn arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ziyaret ettim.) \u2013 d\u00fczenli<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>She went to school last week.<\/strong> (Ge\u00e7en hafta okula gitti.) \u2013 d\u00fczensiz<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Fiil: <strong>Did \u2013 Didn&#8217;t<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Past Simple soru ve olumsuz c\u00fcmlelerinde <strong>did \/ didn\u2019t<\/strong> kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Fiilin kendisi yal\u0131n h\u00e2lde kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Did you see the movie?<\/strong> (Filmi izledin mi?)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>I didn\u2019t go to the party.<\/strong> (Partiye gitmedim.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte Devam Eden Zaman: <strong>Past Continuous<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte belli bir zamanda devam eden eylemleri anlatmak i\u00e7in <strong>was\/were + fiil-ing<\/strong> kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I was reading when you called.<\/strong> (Sen arad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ben kitap okuyordum.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>They were playing football at 5 p.m. yesterday.<\/strong> (D\u00fcn saat 5\u2019te futbol oynuyorlard\u0131.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Olumsuz h\u00e2li:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>She wasn\u2019t sleeping at midnight.<\/strong> (Gece yar\u0131s\u0131 uyumuyordu.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>We weren\u2019t watching TV.<\/strong> (Televizyon izlemiyorduk.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00d6rnek Mini Tablo: Zaman ve Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Fiiller<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Zaman<\/th><th>Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Fiil<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Geni\u015f Zaman<\/td><td>do \/ does<\/td><td>Do you like music?<\/td><td>M\u00fczik sever misin?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u015eimdiki Zaman<\/td><td>am \/ is \/ are<\/td><td>She is reading.<\/td><td>O kitap okuyor.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Zaman<\/td><td>was \/ were<\/td><td>We were happy.<\/td><td>Mutluyduk.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Past Simple<\/td><td>did \/ -ed \/ d\u00fczensiz<\/td><td>I visited London.<\/td><td>Londra\u2019y\u0131 ziyaret ettim.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Past Continuous<\/td><td>was \/ were + -ing<\/td><td>I was cooking at 7 p.m.<\/td><td>Saat 7\u2019de yemek yap\u0131yordum.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0130ngilizcede Ge\u00e7mi\u015f, Gelecek ve Deneyim \u0130fadeleri<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130ngilizcede zamanlar ve deneyim ifadeleri g\u00fcnl\u00fck konu\u015fmada \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. \u201cGe\u00e7mi\u015fte ne yap\u0131yordun?\u201d, \u201cGelecekte planlar\u0131n ne?\u201d, \u201cNe zamand\u0131r bunu yap\u0131yorsun?\u201d gibi sorular\u0131 do\u011fru ifade etmek i\u00e7in baz\u0131 kurallar\u0131 bilmek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte Devam Eden Zaman ile <strong>When \u2013 While<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte bir eylem devam ederken ba\u015fka bir olay ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015fse <strong>while<\/strong> ve <strong>when<\/strong> kullan\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I was reading a book while he was cooking.<\/strong><br>(O yemek yaparken ben kitap okuyordum.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>I fell asleep when she was talking.<\/strong><br>(O konu\u015furken uyuyakald\u0131m.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130pucu:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>While<\/strong> \u2192 iki eylemin ayn\u0131 anda devam etti\u011fini belirtir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>When<\/strong> \u2192 bir eylem di\u011ferini keser veya ba\u015flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gelecek Zaman: <strong>Will \u2013 Going to<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Gelecekten bahsederken iki ana yap\u0131 vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Will<\/strong> \u2013 Anl\u0131k karar veya tahmin i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I will help you with your homework.<\/strong> (\u00d6devine yard\u0131m edece\u011fim.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>It will rain tomorrow.<\/strong> (Yar\u0131n ya\u011fmur ya\u011facak.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Going to<\/strong> \u2013 \u00d6nceden planlanm\u0131\u015f eylemler veya kesin niyetler i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I am going to visit my friend next week.<\/strong> (Gelecek hafta arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ziyaret edece\u011fim.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>She is going to study medicine.<\/strong> (O t\u0131p okuyacak.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Olumsuz h\u00e2lleri:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I won\u2019t (will not) be late.<\/strong> (Ge\u00e7 kalmayaca\u011f\u0131m.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>They aren\u2019t going to come.<\/strong> (Onlar gelmeyecek.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fiillerin 3. Halleri (Past Participle)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc haller, Present Perfect ve Passive yap\u0131lar\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. D\u00fczenli fiiller <strong>-ed<\/strong>, d\u00fczensiz fiiller de\u011fi\u015fir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Fiil<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/th><th>2. H\u00e2l<\/th><th>3. H\u00e2l<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek C\u00fcmle<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>be<\/td><td>olmak<\/td><td>was\/were<\/td><td>been<\/td><td>I have been here.<\/td><td>Burada oldum \/ buraday\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>become<\/td><td>olmak \/ haline gelmek<\/td><td>became<\/td><td>become<\/td><td>She has become famous.<\/td><td>O \u00fcnl\u00fc oldu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>begin<\/td><td>ba\u015flamak<\/td><td>began<\/td><td>begun<\/td><td>The class has begun.<\/td><td>Ders ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>break<\/td><td>k\u0131rmak<\/td><td>broke<\/td><td>broken<\/td><td>He has broken the glass.<\/td><td>Cam\u0131 k\u0131rd\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>bring<\/td><td>getirmek<\/td><td>brought<\/td><td>brought<\/td><td>She has brought food.<\/td><td>Yemek getirdi.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>build<\/td><td>in\u015fa etmek<\/td><td>built<\/td><td>built<\/td><td>They have built a house.<\/td><td>Bir ev yapt\u0131lar.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>buy<\/td><td>sat\u0131n almak<\/td><td>bought<\/td><td>bought<\/td><td>I have bought a book.<\/td><td>Bir kitap ald\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>catch<\/td><td>yakalamak<\/td><td>caught<\/td><td>caught<\/td><td>He has caught the ball.<\/td><td>Topu yakalad\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>choose<\/td><td>se\u00e7mek<\/td><td>chose<\/td><td>chosen<\/td><td>She has chosen a bag.<\/td><td>Bir \u00e7anta se\u00e7ti.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>come<\/td><td>gelmek<\/td><td>came<\/td><td>come<\/td><td>He has come home.<\/td><td>Eve geldi.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>cost<\/td><td>mal olmak<\/td><td>cost<\/td><td>cost<\/td><td>It has cost much.<\/td><td>\u00c7ok pahal\u0131ya mal oldu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>cut<\/td><td>kesmek<\/td><td>cut<\/td><td>cut<\/td><td>She has cut the cake.<\/td><td>Pastay\u0131 kesti.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>do<\/td><td>yapmak<\/td><td>did<\/td><td>done<\/td><td>I have done my work.<\/td><td>\u0130\u015fimi yapt\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>draw<\/td><td>\u00e7izmek<\/td><td>drew<\/td><td>drawn<\/td><td>He has drawn a car.<\/td><td>Bir araba \u00e7izdi.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>drink<\/td><td>i\u00e7mek<\/td><td>drank<\/td><td>drunk<\/td><td>She has drunk milk.<\/td><td>S\u00fct i\u00e7ti.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>drive<\/td><td>s\u00fcrmek<\/td><td>drove<\/td><td>driven<\/td><td>I have driven a car.<\/td><td>Araba s\u00fcrd\u00fcm.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>eat<\/td><td>yemek<\/td><td>ate<\/td><td>eaten<\/td><td>We have eaten lunch.<\/td><td>\u00d6\u011fle yeme\u011fi yedik.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>fall<\/td><td>d\u00fc\u015fmek<\/td><td>fell<\/td><td>fallen<\/td><td>The leaves have fallen.<\/td><td>Yapraklar d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>feel<\/td><td>hissetmek<\/td><td>felt<\/td><td>felt<\/td><td>I have felt good.<\/td><td>\u0130yi hissettim.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>fight<\/td><td>sava\u015fmak<\/td><td>fought<\/td><td>fought<\/td><td>They have fought hard.<\/td><td>\u00c7ok sava\u015ft\u0131lar.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>find<\/td><td>bulmak<\/td><td>found<\/td><td>found<\/td><td>I have found my key.<\/td><td>Anahtar\u0131m\u0131 buldum.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>fly<\/td><td>u\u00e7mak<\/td><td>flew<\/td><td>flown<\/td><td>The bird has flown away.<\/td><td>Ku\u015f u\u00e7tu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>forget<\/td><td>unutmak<\/td><td>forgot<\/td><td>forgotten<\/td><td>I have forgotten it.<\/td><td>Onu unuttum.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>get<\/td><td>almak<\/td><td>got<\/td><td>got\/gotten<\/td><td>I have gotten a job.<\/td><td>Bir i\u015f buldum.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>give<\/td><td>vermek<\/td><td>gave<\/td><td>given<\/td><td>She has given a gift.<\/td><td>Hediye verdi.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>go<\/td><td>gitmek<\/td><td>went<\/td><td>gone<\/td><td>He has gone home.<\/td><td>Eve gitti.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>grow<\/td><td>b\u00fcy\u00fcmek<\/td><td>grew<\/td><td>grown<\/td><td>The child has grown.<\/td><td>\u00c7ocuk b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>have<\/td><td>sahip olmak<\/td><td>had<\/td><td>had<\/td><td>I have had lunch.<\/td><td>\u00d6\u011fle yeme\u011fi yedim.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>hear<\/td><td>duymak<\/td><td>heard<\/td><td>heard<\/td><td>I have heard news.<\/td><td>Haber duydum.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>hide<\/td><td>saklamak<\/td><td>hid<\/td><td>hidden<\/td><td>He has hidden money.<\/td><td>Paray\u0131 saklad\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>hit<\/td><td>vurmak<\/td><td>hit<\/td><td>hit<\/td><td>He has hit the ball.<\/td><td>Topa vurdu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>hold<\/td><td>tutmak<\/td><td>held<\/td><td>held<\/td><td>She has held the baby.<\/td><td>Bebe\u011fi tuttu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>keep<\/td><td>saklamak<\/td><td>kept<\/td><td>kept<\/td><td>I have kept your book.<\/td><td>Kitab\u0131n\u0131 saklad\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>know<\/td><td>bilmek<\/td><td>knew<\/td><td>known<\/td><td>I have known him.<\/td><td>Onu tan\u0131yorum.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>learn<\/td><td>\u00f6\u011frenmek<\/td><td>learned<\/td><td>learned<\/td><td>I have learned English.<\/td><td>\u0130ngilizce \u00f6\u011frendim.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>leave<\/td><td>ayr\u0131lmak<\/td><td>left<\/td><td>left<\/td><td>She has left the room.<\/td><td>Odadan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>lend<\/td><td>\u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 vermek<\/td><td>lent<\/td><td>lent<\/td><td>I have lent money.<\/td><td>Para \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 verdim.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>let<\/td><td>izin vermek<\/td><td>let<\/td><td>let<\/td><td>They have let us go.<\/td><td>Gitmemize izin verdiler.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>lose<\/td><td>kaybetmek<\/td><td>lost<\/td><td>lost<\/td><td>I have lost my phone.<\/td><td>Telefonumu kaybettim.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>make<\/td><td>yapmak<\/td><td>made<\/td><td>made<\/td><td>She has made tea.<\/td><td>\u00c7ay yapt\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>mean<\/td><td>anlam\u0131na gelmek<\/td><td>meant<\/td><td>meant<\/td><td>It has meant much.<\/td><td>\u00c7ok anlam ifade etti.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>meet<\/td><td>tan\u0131\u015fmak<\/td><td>met<\/td><td>met<\/td><td>I have met her.<\/td><td>Onunla tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>pay<\/td><td>\u00f6demek<\/td><td>paid<\/td><td>paid<\/td><td>I have paid the bill.<\/td><td>Faturay\u0131 \u00f6dedim.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>put<\/td><td>koymak<\/td><td>put<\/td><td>put<\/td><td>She has put it here.<\/td><td>Onu buraya koydu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>read<\/td><td>okumak<\/td><td>read<\/td><td>read<\/td><td>I have read the book.<\/td><td>Kitab\u0131 okudum.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ride<\/td><td>binmek<\/td><td>rode<\/td><td>ridden<\/td><td>He has ridden a bike.<\/td><td>Bisiklete bindi.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ring<\/td><td>\u00e7almak<\/td><td>rang<\/td><td>rung<\/td><td>The phone has rung.<\/td><td>Telefon \u00e7ald\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>rise<\/td><td>y\u00fckselmek<\/td><td>rose<\/td><td>risen<\/td><td>The sun has risen.<\/td><td>G\u00fcne\u015f do\u011fdu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>run<\/td><td>ko\u015fmak<\/td><td>ran<\/td><td>run<\/td><td>He has run today.<\/td><td>Bug\u00fcn ko\u015ftu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>say<\/td><td>s\u00f6ylemek<\/td><td>said<\/td><td>said<\/td><td>She has said hello.<\/td><td>Merhaba dedi.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>see<\/td><td>g\u00f6rmek<\/td><td>saw<\/td><td>seen<\/td><td>I have seen it.<\/td><td>Onu g\u00f6rd\u00fcm.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sell<\/td><td>satmak<\/td><td>sold<\/td><td>sold<\/td><td>They have sold the car.<\/td><td>Arabay\u0131 satt\u0131lar.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>send<\/td><td>g\u00f6ndermek<\/td><td>sent<\/td><td>sent<\/td><td>I have sent the mail.<\/td><td>Postay\u0131 g\u00f6nderdim.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>set<\/td><td>ayarlamak<\/td><td>set<\/td><td>set<\/td><td>She has set the table.<\/td><td>Masay\u0131 haz\u0131rlad\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>shake<\/td><td>sallamak<\/td><td>shook<\/td><td>shaken<\/td><td>He has shaken hands.<\/td><td>El s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>shine<\/td><td>parlamak<\/td><td>shone<\/td><td>shone<\/td><td>The sun has shone.<\/td><td>G\u00fcne\u015f parlad\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>shoot<\/td><td>ate\u015f etmek<\/td><td>shot<\/td><td>shot<\/td><td>He has shot the ball.<\/td><td>Topu att\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>show<\/td><td>g\u00f6stermek<\/td><td>showed<\/td><td>shown<\/td><td>He has shown the photo.<\/td><td>Foto\u011fraf\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>shut<\/td><td>kapatmak<\/td><td>shut<\/td><td>shut<\/td><td>She has shut the door.<\/td><td>Kap\u0131y\u0131 kapatt\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sing<\/td><td>\u015fark\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek<\/td><td>sang<\/td><td>sung<\/td><td>She has sung a song.<\/td><td>Bir \u015fark\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sit<\/td><td>oturmak<\/td><td>sat<\/td><td>sat<\/td><td>She has sat here.<\/td><td>Buraya oturdu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sleep<\/td><td>uyumak<\/td><td>slept<\/td><td>slept<\/td><td>I have slept well.<\/td><td>\u0130yi uyudum.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>speak<\/td><td>konu\u015fmak<\/td><td>spoke<\/td><td>spoken<\/td><td>She has spoken to me.<\/td><td>Benimle konu\u015ftu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>spend<\/td><td>harcamak<\/td><td>spent<\/td><td>spent<\/td><td>I have spent money.<\/td><td>Para harcad\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>stand<\/td><td>ayakta durmak<\/td><td>stood<\/td><td>stood<\/td><td>He has stood here.<\/td><td>Burada durdu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>steal<\/td><td>\u00e7almak<\/td><td>stole<\/td><td>stolen<\/td><td>He has stolen money.<\/td><td>Para \u00e7ald\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>stick<\/td><td>yap\u0131\u015fmak<\/td><td>stuck<\/td><td>stuck<\/td><td>It has stuck here.<\/td><td>Buraya yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>swim<\/td><td>y\u00fczmek<\/td><td>swam<\/td><td>swum<\/td><td>I have swum today.<\/td><td>Bug\u00fcn y\u00fczd\u00fcm.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>take<\/td><td>almak<\/td><td>took<\/td><td>taken<\/td><td>She has taken the bag.<\/td><td>\u00c7antay\u0131 ald\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>teach<\/td><td>\u00f6\u011fretmek<\/td><td>taught<\/td><td>taught<\/td><td>He has taught English.<\/td><td>\u0130ngilizce \u00f6\u011fretti.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>tear<\/td><td>y\u0131rtmak<\/td><td>tore<\/td><td>torn<\/td><td>He has torn paper.<\/td><td>Ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131 y\u0131rtt\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>tell<\/td><td>anlatmak<\/td><td>told<\/td><td>told<\/td><td>She has told the story.<\/td><td>Hikaye anlatt\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>think<\/td><td>d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek<\/td><td>thought<\/td><td>thought<\/td><td>I have thought about it.<\/td><td>Bunu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>throw<\/td><td>atmak<\/td><td>threw<\/td><td>thrown<\/td><td>He has thrown the ball.<\/td><td>Topu att\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>understand<\/td><td>anlamak<\/td><td>understood<\/td><td>understood<\/td><td>I have understood it.<\/td><td>Onu anlad\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>wake<\/td><td>uyanmak<\/td><td>woke<\/td><td>woken<\/td><td>She has woken early.<\/td><td>Erken uyand\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>wear<\/td><td>giymek<\/td><td>wore<\/td><td>worn<\/td><td>She has worn a dress.<\/td><td>Elbise giydi.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>win<\/td><td>kazanmak<\/td><td>won<\/td><td>won<\/td><td>They have won the game.<\/td><td>Oyunu kazand\u0131lar.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>write<\/td><td>yazmak<\/td><td>wrote<\/td><td>written<\/td><td>I have written a note.<\/td><td>Bir not yazd\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>choose<\/td><td>se\u00e7mek<\/td><td>chose<\/td><td>chosen<\/td><td>He has chosen well.<\/td><td>\u0130yi se\u00e7ti.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>deal<\/td><td>ilgilenmek<\/td><td>dealt<\/td><td>dealt<\/td><td>He has dealt with it.<\/td><td>Onunla ilgilendi.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>dig<\/td><td>kazmak<\/td><td>dug<\/td><td>dug<\/td><td>They have dug a hole.<\/td><td>Bir \u00e7ukur kazd\u0131lar.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>feed<\/td><td>beslemek<\/td><td>fed<\/td><td>fed<\/td><td>She has fed the cat.<\/td><td>Kediyi besledi.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>forgive<\/td><td>affetmek<\/td><td>forgave<\/td><td>forgiven<\/td><td>I have forgiven him.<\/td><td>Onu affettim.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>freeze<\/td><td>donmak<\/td><td>froze<\/td><td>frozen<\/td><td>The lake has frozen.<\/td><td>G\u00f6l dondu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>hang<\/td><td>asmak<\/td><td>hung<\/td><td>hung<\/td><td>She has hung the picture.<\/td><td>Resmi ast\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>kneel<\/td><td>diz \u00e7\u00f6kmek<\/td><td>knelt<\/td><td>knelt<\/td><td>He has knelt down.<\/td><td>Diz \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>lay<\/td><td>koymak<\/td><td>laid<\/td><td>laid<\/td><td>She has laid the baby down.<\/td><td>Bebe\u011fi yat\u0131rd\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>lead<\/td><td>liderlik etmek<\/td><td>led<\/td><td>led<\/td><td>He has led the team.<\/td><td>Tak\u0131ma liderlik etti.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>light<\/td><td>yakmak<\/td><td>lit<\/td><td>lit<\/td><td>She has lit the candle.<\/td><td>Mum yakt\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>prove<\/td><td>kan\u0131tlamak<\/td><td>proved<\/td><td>proven<\/td><td>He has proven it.<\/td><td>Bunu kan\u0131tlad\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>quit<\/td><td>b\u0131rakmak<\/td><td>quit<\/td><td>quit<\/td><td>He has quit the job.<\/td><td>\u0130\u015ften ayr\u0131ld\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>seek<\/td><td>aramak<\/td><td>sought<\/td><td>sought<\/td><td>They have sought help.<\/td><td>Yard\u0131m arad\u0131lar.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>smell<\/td><td>koklamak<\/td><td>smelt<\/td><td>smelt<\/td><td>I have smelt smoke.<\/td><td>Duman kokusu ald\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>split<\/td><td>b\u00f6lmek<\/td><td>split<\/td><td>split<\/td><td>He has split the wood.<\/td><td>Odunu b\u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>spread<\/td><td>yaymak<\/td><td>spread<\/td><td>spread<\/td><td>She has spread butter.<\/td><td>Tereya\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>strike<\/td><td>vurmak<\/td><td>struck<\/td><td>struck<\/td><td>He has struck the ball.<\/td><td>Topa vurdu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sweep<\/td><td>s\u00fcp\u00fcrmek<\/td><td>swept<\/td><td>swept<\/td><td>She has swept the floor.<\/td><td>Yeri s\u00fcp\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u00fcre\u00e7 Bildiren \u0130fadeler: <strong>Since \u2013 For<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Since<\/strong> \u2192 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131n\u0131 belirtir, <strong>for<\/strong> \u2192 s\u00fcreyi belirtir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I have lived here since 2010.<\/strong> (2010\u2019dan beri burada ya\u015f\u0131yorum.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>She has worked in that company for five years.<\/strong> (Be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r o \u015firkette \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130pucu:<\/strong> Present Perfect ile birlikte kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Deneyim \u0130fadeleri: <strong>Gone to \u2013 Been to<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gone to<\/strong> \u2192 gitmi\u015f ve h\u00e2l\u00e2 orada olabilir:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>He has gone to London.<\/strong> (O Londra\u2019ya gitti.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Been to<\/strong> \u2192 gitmi\u015f ve geri d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I have been to Paris.<\/strong> (Paris\u2019e gittim ve d\u00f6nd\u00fcm.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00d6rnek Mini Tablo: Zamanlar ve Yap\u0131lar<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Konu<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>While<\/td><td>I was cooking <strong>while<\/strong> he was watching TV.<\/td><td>O televizyon izlerken yemek yap\u0131yordum.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>When<\/td><td>I fell asleep <strong>when<\/strong> she called me.<\/td><td>O arad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda uyuyakald\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Will<\/td><td>I <strong>will<\/strong> call you later.<\/td><td>Seni sonra arayaca\u011f\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Going to<\/td><td>I am <strong>going to<\/strong> start a new project.<\/td><td>Yeni bir projeye ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Present Perfect<\/td><td>I have <strong>seen<\/strong> that movie.<\/td><td>O filmi g\u00f6rd\u00fcm.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Since \/ For<\/td><td>She has lived here <strong>since<\/strong> 2015 \/ <strong>for<\/strong> eight years.<\/td><td>2015\u2019ten beri \/ sekiz y\u0131ld\u0131r burada ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gone to \/ Been to<\/td><td>He has <strong>gone to<\/strong> New York \/ I have <strong>been to<\/strong> New York.<\/td><td>O New York\u2019a gitti \/ Ben New York\u2019a gittim.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tecr\u00fcbe \u0130fadeleri: <strong>Ever<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cEver\u201d, bir \u015feyi daha \u00f6nce yap\u0131p yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 sorarken veya ifade ederken kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Genellikle Present Perfect ile birlikte gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Have you ever been to London?<\/strong> (Hi\u00e7 Londra\u2019ya gittin mi?)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>I have never ever eaten sushi.<\/strong> (Hi\u00e7 sushi yemedim.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Has she ever tried skiing?<\/strong> (O hi\u00e7 kayak yapt\u0131 m\u0131?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130pucu:<\/strong> \u201cEver\u201d genellikle soru ve olumsuz c\u00fcmlelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r, olumlu c\u00fcmlelerde \u00e7ok nadirdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma ve \u00dcst\u00fcnl\u00fck: <strong>Cold \u2013 Colder \u2013 The Coldest<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u0131fatlar\u0131n derecelerini kullanarak nesneleri veya durumlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rabiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Derece<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Positive<\/td><td>It is <strong>cold<\/strong> today.<\/td><td>Bug\u00fcn hava so\u011fuk.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Comparative<\/td><td>Today is <strong>colder<\/strong> than yesterday.<\/td><td>Bug\u00fcn d\u00fcn oldu\u011fundan daha so\u011fuk.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Superlative<\/td><td>This is <strong>the coldest<\/strong> winter I have ever experienced.<\/td><td>Bu, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m en so\u011fuk k\u0131\u015f.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130pucu:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tek heceli s\u0131fatlara <strong>-er \/ -est<\/strong>, iki heceli ve uzun s\u0131fatlarda \u201cmore \/ most\u201d eklenir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00d6rnek: beautiful \u2192 more beautiful \u2192 most beautiful<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ko\u015ful C\u00fcmleleri: <strong>If Clauses<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ko\u015ful c\u00fcmleleri, \u201c\u015f\u00f6yle olursa b\u00f6yle olur\u201d anlam\u0131n\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>If it rains, we will stay at home.<\/strong> (E\u011fer ya\u011fmur ya\u011farsa evde kal\u0131r\u0131z.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>I would travel more if I had more money.<\/strong> (Daha fazla param olsayd\u0131 daha \u00e7ok seyahat ederdim.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.<\/strong> (Daha \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fsayd\u0131 s\u0131nav\u0131 ge\u00e7erdi.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130pucu:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Present ve Future i\u00e7in: If + Simple Present \u2192 Will + Fiil<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Past ve unreal i\u00e7in: If + Past Simple \u2192 Would + Fiil<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Past Perfect ve pi\u015fmanl\u0131klar i\u00e7in: If + Past Perfect \u2192 Would have + Fiil<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ba\u011fla\u00e7larla C\u00fcmle Olu\u015fturma<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u011fla\u00e7lar, c\u00fcmleleri birbirine ba\u011flayarak anlam\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>When<\/strong> \u2192 bir olay\u0131n di\u011ferine zaman olarak ba\u011flanmas\u0131\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Call me when you arrive.<\/strong> (Var\u0131nca beni ara.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Before<\/strong> \u2192 bir \u015feyden \u00f6nce\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Finish your homework before you watch TV.<\/strong> (Televizyon izlemeden \u00f6nce \u00f6devini bitir.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>After<\/strong> \u2192 bir \u015feyden sonra\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>We went to the park after it stopped raining.<\/strong> (Ya\u011fmur durduktan sonra parka gittik.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>As soon as<\/strong> \u2192 hemen, olur olmaz\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I will call you as soon as I get home.<\/strong> (Eve gelir gelmez seni arayaca\u011f\u0131m.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Until<\/strong> \u2192 -e kadar\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Wait here until I come back.<\/strong> (Ben d\u00f6nene kadar burada bekle.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Unless<\/strong> \u2192 -medik\u00e7e, -mezse\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>You won\u2019t pass the exam unless you study.<\/strong> (\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmazsan s\u0131nav\u0131 ge\u00e7emezsin.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00d6rnek Mini Tablo: Ba\u011fla\u00e7lar ve Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Ba\u011fla\u00e7<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>When<\/td><td>I was sleeping <strong>when<\/strong> she called.<\/td><td>O arad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda uyuyordum.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Before<\/td><td>Wash your hands <strong>before<\/strong> eating.<\/td><td>Yemekten \u00f6nce ellerini y\u0131ka.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>After<\/td><td>He took a shower <strong>after<\/strong> jogging.<\/td><td>Ko\u015ftuktan sonra du\u015f ald\u0131.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>As soon as<\/td><td>I will text you <strong>as soon as<\/strong> I arrive.<\/td><td>Var\u0131r varmaz sana mesaj ataca\u011f\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Until<\/td><td>Stay here <strong>until<\/strong> the teacher comes.<\/td><td>\u00d6\u011fretmen gelene kadar burada kal.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Unless<\/td><td>You won\u2019t succeed <strong>unless<\/strong> you try.<\/td><td>Denemezsen ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamazs\u0131n.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0130ngilizcede Ba\u011fla\u00e7lar, Zorunluluk ve Yer Tarifi<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130ngilizceyi g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatta do\u011fru ve do\u011fal kullanabilmek i\u00e7in ba\u011fla\u00e7lar\u0131, zorunluluk ifadelerini ve yer sorma\/tarifi konular\u0131n\u0131 iyi bilmek gerekir. Bu yaz\u0131da, <strong>Although, Even though, Must \/ Mustn\u2019t, Have to \/ Has to<\/strong> konular\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rneklerle a\u00e7\u0131klayaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131k Ba\u011fla\u00e7lar\u0131: <strong>Although \u2013 Even though<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Although<\/strong> ve <strong>Even though<\/strong>, bir c\u00fcmlenin ba\u015f\u0131nda ya da ortas\u0131nda, iki kar\u015f\u0131t durumu ba\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Although it was raining, we went for a walk.<\/strong><br>(Ya\u011fmur ya\u011fmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fe \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131k.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Even though he was tired, he finished his homework.<\/strong><br>(Yorgun olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00f6devini bitirdi.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130pucu:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Even though<\/strong>, <strong>although<\/strong>\u2019a g\u00f6re daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir z\u0131tl\u0131k vurgular.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00fcmlenin ba\u015f\u0131nda veya ortas\u0131nda kullan\u0131labilir:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>She passed the exam, although she didn\u2019t study much.<\/strong> (\u00c7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen s\u0131nav\u0131 ge\u00e7ti.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yer Sorma ve Yer Tarifi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatta bir yerin nerede oldu\u011funu sormak veya tarif etmek s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan bir ileti\u015fim bi\u00e7imidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Yer Sorma:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Excuse me, where is the bank?<\/strong> (Affedersiniz, banka nerede?)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Can you tell me the way to the museum?<\/strong> (Bana m\u00fczeye giden yolu s\u00f6yleyebilir misiniz?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Yer Tarifi Verme:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Go straight and turn left at the traffic lights.<\/strong> (D\u00fcz gidin ve trafik \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131nda sola d\u00f6n\u00fcn.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The supermarket is next to the pharmacy.<\/strong> (S\u00fcpermarket eczanenin yan\u0131nda.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>It\u2019s opposite the school.<\/strong> (Okulun kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130pucu:<\/strong> \u201cNext to\u201d \u2192 yan\u0131nda, \u201cOpposite\u201d \u2192 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, \u201cBetween \u2026 and \u2026\u201d \u2192 \u2026 ve \u2026 aras\u0131nda \u015feklinde yer edatlar\u0131yla tarif verilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zorunluluk: <strong>Must \u2013 Mustn\u2019t<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Must<\/strong>, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir zorunluluk veya \u00f6neri belirtir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>You must wear a helmet when riding a bike.<\/strong> (Bisiklet s\u00fcrerken kask takmal\u0131s\u0131n.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Students must not cheat during exams.<\/strong> (\u00d6\u011frenciler s\u0131nav s\u0131ras\u0131nda kopya \u00e7ekmemeli.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130pucu:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Must<\/strong> \u2192 zorunluluk veya g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc tavsiye<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mustn\u2019t<\/strong> \u2192 yasak veya yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 gereken durum<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">G\u00fcnl\u00fck Zorunluluklar: <strong>Have to \u2013 Has to<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Have to \/ Has to<\/strong>, g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131n zorunluluklar\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131r ve \u201cmust\u201d yerine daha yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u00d6zne<\/th><th>Fiil<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>I \/ You \/ We \/ They<\/td><td>have to<\/td><td>I <strong>have to<\/strong> finish my work today.<\/td><td>Bug\u00fcn i\u015fimi bitirmek zorunday\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>He \/ She \/ It<\/td><td>has to<\/td><td>She <strong>has to<\/strong> go to school every day.<\/td><td>Her g\u00fcn okula gitmek zorunda.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Olumsuz h\u00e2li:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I don\u2019t have to wake up early tomorrow.<\/strong> (Yar\u0131n erken kalkmak zorunda de\u011filim.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>He doesn\u2019t have to come if he\u2019s busy.<\/strong> (Yo\u011funsa gelmek zorunda de\u011fil.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130pucu:<\/strong> \u201cHave to \/ Has to\u201d zorunluluk d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki durumlarda daha genel kullan\u0131l\u0131rken, \u201cmust\u201d resmi ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir zorunluluk vurgusu verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mini \u00d6rnek Tablo: Zorunluluk ve Kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131k<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Konu<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Although<\/td><td><strong>Although<\/strong> it was late, I continued working.<\/td><td>Ge\u00e7 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam ettim.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Even though<\/td><td><strong>Even though<\/strong> he was sick, he went to school.<\/td><td>Hasta olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen okula gitti.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Must<\/td><td>You <strong>must<\/strong> stop smoking.<\/td><td>Sigara i\u00e7meyi b\u0131rakmal\u0131s\u0131n.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mustn\u2019t<\/td><td>You <strong>mustn\u2019t<\/strong> park here.<\/td><td>Buraya park etmemelisin.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Have to<\/td><td>I <strong>have to<\/strong> attend the meeting.<\/td><td>Toplant\u0131ya kat\u0131lmak zorunday\u0131m.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Has to<\/td><td>She <strong>has to<\/strong> wear a uniform.<\/td><td>\u00dcniforma giymek zorunda.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A1\u2013A2 seviyesinde \u0130ngilizce \u00f6\u011frenenler i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f bu kapsaml\u0131 rehberde; temel gramer kurallar\u0131, zamanlar (tenses), kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar, ba\u011fla\u00e7lar &hellip; <a title=\"A1\u2013A2 T\u00fcm \u0130ngilizce Gramer Konular\u0131 (Complete Beginner Grammar Guide) \u0130ngilizcede Temel A1\u2013A2 Konular\u0131\" class=\"hm-read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webmobdesign.com\/blog\/tr\/ingilizce-temel-a1-a2-konular-complete-beginner-grammar-guide\/\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">A1\u2013A2 T\u00fcm \u0130ngilizce Gramer Konular\u0131 (Complete Beginner Grammar Guide) \u0130ngilizcede Temel A1\u2013A2 Konular\u0131<\/span>Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":501,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[71,105],"tags":[73,83],"class_list":["post-484","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-egitim","category-ingilizce-dilbilgisi","tag-ingilizce-a1","tag-ingilizce-a2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.webmobdesign.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/484","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.webmobdesign.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.webmobdesign.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.webmobdesign.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.webmobdesign.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=484"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.webmobdesign.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/484\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":495,"href":"https:\/\/www.webmobdesign.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/484\/revisions\/495"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.webmobdesign.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/501"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.webmobdesign.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=484"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.webmobdesign.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=484"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.webmobdesign.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=484"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}